A
1,169 terms beginning with A, from Easton’s, Smith’s, the ISBE and Hitchcock’s.
Every term
AAlpha, the first letter of the Greek alphabet, as Omega is the last.E·S·IA Iah1. (Genesis 36:24)S·IAEnonSprings, a place near Salim where John baptized (John 3:23).E·S·IAalarSee ALTAR.IAarat(high or holy ground), a mountainous district of Asia mentioned in the Bible in connection with the following events:-- (1) As the resting-place of the ark…SAaronThe eldest son of Amram and Jochebed, a daughter of Levi (Ex. 6:20).E·S·IAaron's Rod(Nu 17 and He 9:4): Immediately after the incidents connected with the rebellion of Korah, Dathan and Abiram against the leadership of Moses and the priestly…IAaronitesThe descendants of Aaron, and therefore priests.E·S·IAbSee MONTH.S·IAbacucab'-a-kuk (Latin Abacuc): The form given the name of the prophet Habakkuk in 2 Esdras 1:40.IAbaddonDestruction, the Hebrew name (equivalent to the Greek Apollyon, i.e., destroyer) of “the angel of the bottomless pit” (Rev. 9:11).E·S·IAbadiasab-a-di'-as (Greek Abadias): Mentioned in 1 Esdras 8:35 as the son of Jezelus, of the sons of Joab, returned with Ezra from the captivity; and in Ezr 8:9…IAbagarusSee ABGARUS.IAbagthaOne of the seven eunuchs in Ahasuerus’s court (Esther 1:10; 2:21).E·S·IAbanaStony (Heb. marg. “Amanah,” perennial), the chief river of Damascus (2 Kings 5:12).E·SAbanahab'-a-na, a-ba'-na ('abhanah (Kethibh, Septuagint, Vulgate)), or AMANA a-ma'-na ('amanah (Qere, Peshitta, Targum); the King James Version Abana (American…IAbarimRegions beyond; i.e., on the east of Jordan, a mountain, or rather a mountain-chain, over against Jericho, to the east and south-east of the Dead Sea, in the…E·S·IAbasea-bas': The English rendition of shaphel (Job 40:11; Eze 21:26), and of its derivative shephal (Da 4:37) = "bring down," "debase," "humble"; of `anah (Isa…IAbatea-bat': Used six times in Old Testament for five different Hebrew words, signifying "to diminish," "reduce," "assuage"; of the Flood (Ge 8:8); of strength (De…IAbbaThis Syriac or Chaldee word is found three times in the New Testament (Mark 14:36; Rom. 8:15; Gal. 4:6), and in each case is followed by its Greek equivalent…E·S·IAbdaServant.E·S·IAbdeelServant of God, (Jer. 36:26), the father of Shelemiah.E·S·IAbdiMy servant.E·S·IAbdiasab-di'-as (2 Esdras 1:39 = Obadiah): One of the Minor Prophets.IAbdielServant of God, (1 Chr. 5:15), a Gadite chief.E·S·IAbdonServile.E·S·IAbed-negoa-bed'-ne-go (Hebrew and Aramaic `abhedh neghgo; Da 3:29, `abhedh negho'): According to many, the nego is an intentional corruption of Nebo, the name of a…IAbednegoServant of Nego=Nebo, the Chaldee name given to Azariah, one of Daniel’s three companions (Dan. 2:49).E·SAbel(Heb. Hebhel), a breath, or vanity, the second son of Adam and Eve.E·S·IAbel, Stone of(the great abel), the place where the ark rested in the field of Joshua at Beth-shemesh.SAbel-beth-maacaha'-bel-beth-ma'-a-ka ('abhel beth ma`akhah, "the meadow of the house of Maacah"): The name appears in this form in 1Ki 15:20 and 2Ki 15:29.IAbel-beth-maachahMeadow of the house of Maachah, a city in the north of Palestine, in the neighbourhood of Dan and Ijon, in the tribe of Naphtali.EAbel-cheramim(Judg. 11:33, R.V.; A. V., “plain of the vineyards”), a village of the Ammonites, whither Jephthah pursued their forces.E·IAbel-maima'-bel-ma'-im ('abhel mayim, "meadow of water").IAbel-meholahMeadow of dancing, or the dancing-meadow, the birth-place and residence of the prophet Elisha, not far from Beth-shean (1 Kings 4:12), in the tribe of…E·IAbel-mizraimMeadow of Egypt, or mourning of Egypt, a place “beyond,” i.e., on the west of Jordan, at the “threshing-floor of Atad.”E·IAbel-shittimMeadow of the acacias, frequently called simply “Shittim” (Num. 25:1; Josh. 2:1; Micah 6:5), a place on the east of Jordan, in the plain of Moab, nearly…E·IAbelbethmaachah(meadow of the house of oppression), a town of some importance, (2 Samuel 20:15) in the extreme north of Palestine, which fell an early prey to the invading…SAbelmaim(Abel on the waters), also called simply Abel, (2 Samuel 20:14,18) another name for Abel-bethmaachah.SAbelmeholah(meadow of the dance), in the northern pat of the Jordan valley, (1 Kings 4:12) to which the routed Bedouin host fled from Gideon, (Judges 7:22) Here Elisha…SAbelmizraim(meadow of Egypt), the name given by the Canaanites to the floor of Atad, at which Joseph, his brothers and the Egyptians made their mourning for Jacob.SAbelshittim(the meadow of the acacias), in the "plains" of Moab, on the low level of the Jordan valley, opposite Jericho.SAbezTin, or white, a town in the tribe of Issachar (Josh. 19:20), at the north of the plain of Esdraelon.E·S·IAbgarab'-gar, ab-ga'-rus, a-bag'-a-rus (Abgaros): Written also Agbarus and Augarus.IAbgarusab'-gar, ab-ga'-rus, a-bag'-a-rus (Abgaros): Written also Agbarus and Augarus.IAbhorab-hor': "To cast away," "reject," "despise," "defy," "contemn," "loathe," etc. (1) Translated in the Old Testament from the following Hebrew words amongst…IAbimother of King Hezekiah, (2 Kings 18:2) written ABIA, ABIAH, OR ABIJAH, ABIJAH OR ABIJAM in (2 Chronicles 29:1)S·IAbi-albonFather of strength; i.e., “valiant”, one of David’s body-guard of thirty mighty men (2 Sam. 23:31); called also Abiel (1 Chr. 11:32).E·IAbiaMy father is the Lord, the Greek form of Abijah, or Abijam (Matt. 1:7), instead of Abiah (1 Chr. 7:8).E·S·IAbia, Course ofthe eighth of the 24 courses or classes into which the priests were divided for serving at the altar.SAbiahMy father is the Lord, the Greek form of Abijah, or Abijam (Matt. 1:7), instead of Abiah (1 Chr. 7:8).E·S·IAbiaibon(father of strength).SAbiasaphFather of gathering; the gatherer, the youngest of the three sons of Korah the Levite, head of a family of Korhites (Ex. 6:24); called Ebisaph (1 Chr. 6:37).E·S·IAbiatharFather of abundance, or my father excels, the son of Ahimelech the high priest.E·S·IAbibAn ear of corn, the month of newly-ripened grain (Ex. 13:4; 23:15); the first of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, and the seventh of the civil year.E·S·IAbidaOr Abi’dah, father of knowledge; knowing, one of the five sons of Midian, who was the son of Abraham by Keturah (1 Chr. 1:33), and apparently the chief of an…E·S·IAbidaha-bi'-dah: Used in the King James Version in Ge 25:4 for ABIDA, which see.IAbidanFather of judgment; judge, head of the tribe of Benjamin at the Exodus (Num. 1:11; 2:22).E·S·IAbidea-bid': Old English word signifying progressively to "await," "remain," "lodge," "sojourn," "dwell," "continue," "endure"; represented richly in Old Testament…IAbieezerFather of help; i.e., “helpful.”EAbielFather (i.e., “possessor”) of God = “pious.”E·S·IAbiezer(father of help, helpful).S·IAbiezriteFather of help, a descendant of Abiezer (Judg. 6:11,24; 8:32).E·IAbigailFather (i.e., “leader”) of the dance, or “of joy.”E·S·IAbigalFather (i.e., “leader”) of the dance, or “of joy.”E·S·IAbihailFather of might.E·S·IAbihuFather of Him; i.e., “worshipper of God”, the second of the sons of Aaron (Ex. 6:23; Num. 3:2; 26:60; 1 Chr. 6:3).E·S·IAbihudFather (i.e., “possessor”) of renown.E·S·IAbijahFather (i.e., “possessor or worshipper”) of Jehovah.E·S·IAbijamFather of the sea; i.e., “seaman” the name always used in Kings of the king of Judah, the son of Rehoboam, elsewhere called Abijah (1 Kings 15:1,7,8).E·S·IAbila[ABILENE]S·IAbileneA plain, a district lying on the east slope of the Anti-Lebanon range; so called from its chief town, Abila (Luke 3:1), which stood in the Suk Wady Barada…E·S·IAbilitya-bil'-i-ti (dunamis, or ischus): Variously used of resources, material, mental and spiritual; e.g. of wealth, "gave after their ability" (Ezr 2:69); of…IAbimaelFather of Mael, one of the sons or descendants of Joktan, in Northern Arabia (Gen. 10:28; 1 Chr. 1:22).E·S·IAbimelechMy father a king, or father of a king, a common name of the Philistine kings, as “Pharaoh” was of the Egyptian kings. (1.) The Philistine king of Gerar in the…E·S·IAbinadabFather of nobleness; i.e., “noble.”E·S·IAbiner(father of light).SAbinoamFather of kindness, the father of Barak (Judg. 4:6; 5:1).E·S·IAbiramFather of height; i.e., “proud.”E·S·IAbirona-bi'-ron (Abeiron): (1) The Septuagint form (Ecclesiasticus 45:18 the King James Version) of Abiram, one of the sons of Eliab, who, with his brother Dathan…IAbiseiab-i-se'-i. See ABISSEI.IAbishagFather of (i.e., “given to”) error, a young woman of Shunem, distinguished for her beauty.E·S·IAbishaiFather of (i.e., “desirous of”) a gift, the eldest son of Zeruiah, David’s sister.E·S·IAbishalom(father of peace), father or grandfather of Maachah, who was the wife of Rehoboam and mother of Abijah.S·IAbishuaFather of welfare; i.e., “fortunate.”E·S·IAbishurFather of the wall; i.e., “mason”, one of the two sons of Shammai of the tribe of Judah (1 Chr. 2:28,29).E·S·IAbisuea-bis'-u-e (Codex Vaticanus, Abisai; Codex Alexandrinus, Abisouai; the King James Version Abisum = Abishua (1Ch 6:4 ff; Ezr 7:5) and Abissei (2 Esdras 1:2))…IAbisumSee ABISUE (Apocrypha).IAbitalFather of dew; i.e., “fresh”, David’s fifth wife (2 Sam. 3:4).E·S·IAbitubFather of goodness, a Benjamite (1 Chr. 8:11).E·S·IAbiud(father of praise), descendant of Zorobabel in the genealogy of Jesus Christ.S·IAbjectab'-jekt: Only as a noun, and but once (Ps 35:15) for nekheh, literally, "smitten ones," i.e. "men of the lowest grade" (Hengstenberg, Delitzsch), "the…IAbjects(Ps. 35:15), the translation of a Hebrew word meaning smiters; probably, in allusion to the tongue, slanderers.EAblea'-b'-l: The Greek dunamai, "to have power," may refer either to inherent strength, or to the absence of in external obstacles, or to what may be allowable or…IAblutionOr washing, was practised, (1.) When a person was initiated into a higher state: e.g., when Aaron and his sons were set apart to the priest’s office, they…E·S·IAbnerFather of light; i.e., “enlightening”, the son of Ner and uncle of Saul.E·S·IAbodeSee ABIDE.IAbolibamahTent of the height, the name given to Judith, the daughter of Beeri = Anah (Gen. 26:34; 36:2), when she became the wife of Esau.E·S·IAbolisha-bol'-ish (chathath, "to be broken down," "made void," "My righteousness shall not be abolished" (Isa 51:6), i.e. as shown in God's faithfulness to His…IAbominationThis word is used, (1.) To express the idea that the Egyptians considered themselves as defiled when they ate with strangers (Gen. 43:32).E·IAbomination of DesolationMentioned by our Saviour, (Matthew 24:15) as a sign of the approaching destruction of Jerusalem, with reference to (Daniel 9:27; 11:31; 12:11) The prophecy…S·IAbomination, Birds ofLe 11:13-19: "And these ye shall have in abomination among the birds; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the gier-eagle, and the…IAbounda-bound', a-bun'-dans, a-bun'-dant, a-bun'-dant-li: These words represent in the English Versions of the Bible a considerable variety of different words in…IAbouta-bout': The use of this word as a preposition, in the sense of "around," is confined to the Old Testament.IAbrahamFather of a multitude, son of Terah, named (Gen. 11:27) before his older brothers Nahor and Haran, because he was the heir of the promises.E·S·IAbraham, Book ofSee APOCALYPTIC LITERATURE.IAbraham’s bosom(Luke 16:22,23) refers to the custom of reclining on couches at table, which was prevalent among the Jews, an arrangement which brought the head of one person…E·IAbramExalted father.E·S·IAbrecha'-brek: Transliteration of the Hebrew 'abhrekh, in Ge 41:43 the Revised Version, margin, of which both the origin and meaning are uncertain.IAbroada-brod: An idiomatic rendering of aphiketo (literally, "arrived"), "come abroad" is used in Ro 16:19 to indicate a report that has been most widely diffused…IAbroad, ScatteredSee DISPERSION.IAbronahR.V., one of Israel’s halting-places in the desert (Num.33:34,35), just before Ezion-gaber.E·IAbsalomFather of peace; i.e., “peaceful” David’s son by Maacah (2 Sam. 3:3; comp. 1 Kings 1:6).E·S·IAbsaloms PillarA monument of tomb which Absalom had built during his lifetime in the king’s dale, i.e. the valley of the Kedron, at the foot of Mount Olivet, near Jerusalem…SAbsalonSee ABSALOM (in the Apocrypha).IAbsolutionab-so-lu'-shun (translation of verbs luo, "loose," etc., and aphiemi, "release," "give up," etc.): Not a Biblical, but an ecclesiastical term, used to…IAbstinenceabs'-ti-nens: Abstinence as a form of asceticism reaches back into remote antiquity, and is found among most ancient peoples.IAbubusa-bu'-bus (Aboubos): The father of Ptolemy, who deceitfully slew Simon Maccabee and his sons at Dok near Jericho (1 Macc 16:11,15).IAbundanceSee ABOUND.IAbundanta-bound', a-bun'-dans, a-bun'-dant, a-bun'-dant-li: These words represent in the English Versions of the Bible a considerable variety of different words in…IAbundantlya-bound', a-bun'-dans, a-bun'-dant, a-bun'-dant-li: These words represent in the English Versions of the Bible a considerable variety of different words in…IAbusea-buz': "To dishonor," "to make mock of," "to insult," etc. (1) Translated in the Old Testament from `alal, "to do harm," "to defile" (Jud 19:25), "to make…IAbyssa-bis', (he abussos): In classical Greek the word is always an adjective, and is used (1) literally, "very deep," "bottomless"; (2) figuratively…IAbyssiniaab-i-sin'-i-a. See ETHIOPIA.IAcacia(Heb. shittim) Ex. 25:5, R.V. probably the Acacia seyal (the gum-arabic tree); called the “shittah” tree (Isa. 41:19).E·IAcatanSee AKATAN (Apocrypha).IAccabaak'-a-ba, ak-a'-ba (B, Akkaba; A, Gaba; the King James Version Agaba) = Hagab (Ezr 2:46); see also HAGABA (Ne 7:48): The descendants of Accaba…IAccadThe high land or mountains, a city in the land of Shinar.E·S·IAccadiansThe high land or mountains, a city in the land of Shinar.E·S·IAccaron[EKRON]S·IAcceptak-sept', ak-sep'-ta-b'-l, ak-sep-ta'-shun: "To receive with favor," "to take pleasure in"; "well-pleasing"; "the act of receiving."IAcceptableak-sept', ak-sep'-ta-b'-l, ak-sep-ta'-shun: "To receive with favor," "to take pleasure in"; "well-pleasing"; "the act of receiving."IAcceptanceak-sep'-tans: A rendering of the Hebrew retson, "delight," found only in Isa 60:7.IAcceptationak-sept', ak-sep'-ta-b'-l, ak-sep-ta'-shun: "To receive with favor," "to take pleasure in"; "well-pleasing"; "the act of receiving."IAccessak'-ses (prosagoge, "a leading to or toward," "approach"): Thrice used in the New Testament to indicate the acceptable way of approach to God and of admission…IAcchoSultry or sandy, a town and harbour of Phoenicia, in the tribe of Asher, but never acquired by them (Judg. 1:31).E·SAccoak'-o (`akko; [`Akcho]; Ake Ptolemais; Modern Arabic `Akka, English Acre; the King James Version Accho): A town on the Syrian coast a few miles north of…IAccommodationa-kom-mo-da'-shun: I. INTRODUCTORY 1. Three Uses of the Term 2. The Importance of the Subject II. ACCOMMODATED APPLICATION OF SCRIPTURE PASSAGES 1.…IAccomplisha-kom'-plish: Richly represented in the Old Testament by seven Hebrew synonyms and in the New Testament by five Greek (the King James Version); signifying in…IAccorda-kord', a-kord'-ing-li: In Old Testament, peh, "mouth," "to fight with one accord" (Jos 9:2) lephi, "according to the mouth of," "according to their…IAccordinga-kord', a-kord'-ing-li: In Old Testament, peh, "mouth," "to fight with one accord" (Jos 9:2) lephi, "according to the mouth of," "according to their…IAccordinglya-kord', a-kord'-ing-li: In Old Testament, peh, "mouth," "to fight with one accord" (Jos 9:2) lephi, "according to the mouth of," "according to their…IAccosak'-os (Hakchos): The grandfather of Eupolemus, whom Judas Maccabeus sent with others to Rome in 161 BC, to negotiate a "league of amity and confederacy" (1…IAccountSee ACCOUNTABILITY.IAccountabilitya-koun-ta-bil'-i-ti. 1. Scriptural Principles: The general teaching of Scripture on this subject is summarized in Ro 14:12: "So then each one of us shall give…IAccozak'-oz (Akbos; the Revised Version (British and American) AKKOS, which see): 1 Esdras 5:38, head of one of the priestly families, which returned from the…IAccurseda-kurs'-ed, a-kurst': In the Book of Jos (Jos 6:17,18; 7:1,11,12,13,15) and 1Ch 2:7 "accursed" (or "accursed thing" or "thing accursed") is the King James…IAccuserSatan is styled the “accuser of the brethren” (Rev. 12:10.E·IAceldamaThe name which the Jews gave in their proper tongue, i.e., in Aramaic, to the field which was purchased with the money which had been given to the betrayer of…E·S·IAchaiaThe name originally of a narrow strip of territory in Greece, on the north-west of the Peloponnesus.E·S·IAchaichus(1 Cor. 16:17), one of the members of the church of Corinth who, with Fortunatus and Stephanas, visited Paul while he was at Ephesus, for the purpose of…EAchaicus(belonging to Achaia), a name of a Christian.S·IAchanCalled also Achar, i.e., one who troubles (1 Chr. 2:7), in commemoration of his crime, which brought upon him an awful destruction (Josh. 7:1).E·S·IAchar(1 Chronicles 2:7)S·IAchazking of Judah, (Matthew 1:9)S·IAchborGnawing = mouse.E·S·IAchiacharusa-ki-ak'-a-rus (Codex Vaticanus Achiacharos; Acheicharos): Governor of Assyria.IAchiasa-ki'-as: An ancestor of Ezra (2 Esdras 1:2).IAchimson of Sadoc and father of Eliud in our Lord’s genealogy.S·IAchiora'-ki-or (Achior): General of the Ammonites, who spoke in behalf of Israel before Holofernes, the Assyrian general (Judith 5:5 ff).IAchiphaak'-i-fa; the King James Version Acipha, as'-i-fa (Achipha), in the Apocrypha (1 Esdras 5:31) head of one of the families of the temple-servants, who returned…IAchishAngry, perhaps only a general title of royalty applicable to the Philistine kings. (1.) The king with whom David sought refuge when he fled from Saul (1 Sam.…E·S·IAchitobak'-i-tob: Same as Ahitob.IAchmetha(Ezra 6:2), called Ecbatana by classical writers, the capital of northern Media.E·S·IAchoak'-o. See ACCO.IAchorTrouble, a valley near Jericho, so called in consequence of the trouble which the sin of Achan caused Israel (Josh. 7:24,26).E·IAchor, Valley of(valley of trouble), the spot at which Achan was stoned.SAchsa(1 Chronicles 2:49) [ACHSAH]S·IAchsahAnklet, Caleb’s only daughter (1 Chr. 2:49).E·S·IAchshaphFascination, a royal city of the Canaanites, in the north of Palestine (Josh. 11:1; 12:20; 19:25).E·S·IAchzibFalsehood.E·S·IAciphaSee ACHIPHA.IAcithoas'-i-tho (variant of AHITUB): The name in the King James Version of an ancestor of Judith (Judith 8:1).IAcithohas'-i-tho (variant of AHITUB): The name in the King James Version of an ancestor of Judith (Judith 8:1).IAcknowledgeak-nol'-ej (gignosko): To declare that one recognizes the claims of a person or thing fully established.IAcquainta-kwant', a-kwan'-tans (gnostoi): Terms referring to various degrees of knowledge, but implying more or less detailed information; applied to God's…IAcquaintancea-kwant', a-kwan'-tans (gnostoi): Terms referring to various degrees of knowledge, but implying more or less detailed information; applied to God's…IAcraak'-ra, a'-kra (1 Macc 1:33 the Revised Version (British and American), "citadel").IAcrabatteneak-ra-ba-te'-ne. See AKRABATTINE (in the Apocrypha).IAcrabbimSee MAALEH-ACRABBIM, (Joshua 15:3) in the margin.S·IAcreIs the translation of a word (tse’med), which properly means a yoke, and denotes a space of ground that may be ploughed by a yoke of oxen in a day.E·IAcrostica-kros'-tik: The acrostic, understood as a short poem in which the first letters of the lines form a word, or name, or sentence, has not yet been proved to…IActs of Pilatepi'-lat, pi'-lat. See APOCRYPHAL GOSPELS.IActs of Solomon"The book of the acts of Solomon" (1Ki 11:41), probably a history based on the state documents kept by the official recorder.IActs of the ApostlesThe title now given to the fifth and last of the historical books of the New Testament.E·S·IActs, ApocryphalSee APOCRYPHAL ACTS.IAcuaak'-u-a. See ACUD.IAcuba'-kub (Codex Vaticanus, Akouph; Codex Alexandrinus, Akoum) = Bakbuk (Ezr 2:51; Ne 7:53): The descendants of Acub (temple-servants) returned with Zerubbabel…IAcuda'-kud (Akoud; the King James Version Acua) = AKKUB (Ezr 2:45) which see; omitted in Ne 7: The descendants of Acud (temple-servants) returned with Zerubbabel…IAdadah(festival or boundary), one of the cities in the extreme south of Judah, named with Dimonah and Kedesh.S·IAdadrimmona-dad-rim'-on: Shorter and less accurate name of a place in the Valley of Megiddo, which tradition connected with the death of King Josiah (Zec 12:11; 2Ch…IAdahOrnament.E·S·IAdaiah(adorned by Jehovah).S·IAdalia(a fire-god), the fifth son of Haman.S·IAdamRed, a Babylonian word, the generic name for man, having the same meaning in the Hebrew and the Assyrian languages.E·SAdam in the New Testament(Adam): The name of Adam occurs nine times (in five different passages) in the New Testament, though several of these are purely incidental.IAdam in the Old Testament(Evolutionary Interpretation): NOTE: It ought to be superfluous to say that the unfolding or development of the human personality here identified with…IAdam in the Old Testament and the Apocryphaad'-am, ('adham; Septuagint Adam).IAdam, Books ofBooks pretending to give the life and deeds of Adam and other Old Testament worthies existed in abundance among the Jews and the early Christians.IAdam, City of('adham, "red" or BDB "made"): A city in the middle of the Jordan valley near ZARETHAN (Jos 3:16), which see.IAdam, a typeThe apostle Paul speaks of Adam as “the figure of him who was to come.”EAdam, the city ofIs referred to in Josh. 3:16.EAdamahRed earth, a fortified city of Naphtali, probably the modern Damieh, on the west side of the sea of Tiberias (Josh. 19:33, 36).E·S·IAdamant(Heb. shamir), Ezek. 3:9.E·S·IAdami(my man, earth), a place on the border of Naphtali.S·IAdami-nekebad'-a-mi ne'-keb 'adhami ha-neqebh, "the ground of the piercing," (that is of the pass, or defile): A place mentioned in indicating the border of Naphtali…IAdana'-dan. See ADDAN.IAdarLarge, the sixth month of the civil and the twelfth of the ecclesiastical year of the Jews (Esther 3:7, 13; 8:12; 9:1, 15, 17, 19, 21).E·S·IAdarsaa-dar'-sa. See ADASA.IAdasa(new), a place in Judea, about four miles from Beth-horon. 1Ma 7:40,45 [HADASHAH]S·IAdbeelMiracle of God, the third of the twelve sons of Ishmael, and head of an Arabian tribe (Gen. 25:13; 1 Chr. 1:29).E·S·IAdd(1) epidiatassomai, "to add to," "to arrange in addition": Found only in Ga 3:15, which may thus be paraphrased: "To take a familiar illustration: even a…IAddan(strong or stony), one of the places from which some of the captivity returned with Zerubbabel to Judea who could not show their pedigree as Israelites.S·IAddarAmple, splendid, son of Bela (1 Chr. 8:3); called also “Ard” (Gen. 46:21)E·S·IAdder(Ps. 140:3; Rom. 3:13, “asp”) is the rendering of, (1.) Akshub (“coiling” or “lying in wait”), properly an asp or viper, found only in this passage.E·S·IAddiOrnament, (Luke 3:28), the son of Cosam, and father of Melchi, one of the progenitors of Christ.E·S·IAddicta-dikt': Found only in the King James Version of 1Co 16:15, for Greek tasso.IAddoad'-o (Codex Alexandrinus, Addo; Codex Vaticanus, Eddein) = Iddo (Ezr 5:1; 6:14): The father (Zec 1:1,7 grandfather) of Zechariah the prophet (1 Esdras 6:1).IAddonLow, one of the persons named in Neh. 7:61 who could not “shew their father’s house” on the return from captivity.E·S·IAddusad'-us (Addous): The descendants of Addus (sons of Solomon's servants) returned with Zerubbabel to Jerusalem (1 Esdras 5:34).IAder(flock), a Benjamites, son of Beriah, chief of the inhabitants of Aijalon.S·IAdiabenea-di-a-be'-ne (Adiabene): A state lying on the east of the Tigris, on the greater and lesser rivers Zab, in the territory of ancient Assyria.IAdidaa fortified town near Jerusalem, probably the HADID of (Ezra 2:33) and referred to in 1Ma 12:38S·IAdielOrnament of God.E·S·IAdinEffeminate.E·S·IAdinaSlender, one of David’s warriors (1 Chr. 11:42), a Reubenite.E·S·IAdinoThe Eznite, one of David’s mighty men (2 Sam. 23:8).E·S·IAdino, the EzniteThe Eznite, one of David’s mighty men (2 Sam. 23:8).E·S·IAdinuad'-i-nu, ad'-in (Adinou, 1 Esdras 5:14; Adin, 1 Esdras 8:32): Compare Adin (Ezr 2:15; 8:6; Ne 7:20; 10:16).IAdinusSee IADINUS (Apocrypha).IAdithaim(double ornament), a town belonging to Judah, lying in the low country, and named, between Sharaim and hag-Gederah, in (Joshua 15:36) only.S·IAdjurationA solemn appeal whereby one person imposes on another the obligation of speaking or acting as if under an oath (1 Sam. 14:24; Josh. 6:26; 1 Kings 22:16).E·IAdlai(justice of Jehovah), Ancestor of Shaphat, the overseer of David’s herds that fed in the broad valleys.S·IAdmahEarth, one of the five cities of the vale of Siddim (Gen. 10:19).E·S·IAdmatha(given by the highest), one of the seven princes of Persia.S·IAdminSee ARNI.IAdministerad-min'-is-ter ad-min-is-tra'-shun diakoneo, diakonia: Terms used in the King James Version in 1Co 12:5; 2Co 8:19,20; 2Co 9:12 respectively, and replaced in…IAdministrationad-min'-is-ter ad-min-is-tra'-shun diakoneo, diakonia: Terms used in the King James Version in 1Co 12:5; 2Co 8:19,20; 2Co 9:12 respectively, and replaced in…IAdmirationad-mi-ra'-shun (thauma, "a marvel" or "wonder"; thaumazo, "to wonder"): A term thrice used in the King James Version in the New Testament, to express a wonder…IAdna(rest, pleasure).S·IAdnahDelight.E·S·IAdoa-doo': Found only in Mr 5:39 King James Version: "Why make ye this ado and weep?"IAdonaia-do'-ni, ad-o-na'-i ('adhonay): A Divine name, translated "Lord," and signifying, from its derivation, "sovereignty."IAdoni-zedecLord of justice or righteousness, was king in Jerusalem at the time when the Israelites invaded Palestine (Josh. 10:1,3).EAdoni-zedeka-do-ni-ze'-dek ('adhonitsedheq, "lord of righteousness"): King of Jerusalem at the time of the conquest of Canaan (Jos 10:1).IAdonibezekLord of Bezek, a Canaanitish king who, having subdued seventy of the chiefs that were around him, made an attack against the armies of Judah and Simeon, but…E·S·IAdonijahMy Lord is Jehovah.E·S·IAdonikamWhom the Lord sets up, one of those “which came with Zerubbabel” (Ezra 2:13).E·S·IAdoniram(Adoram, 1 Kings 12:18), the son of Abda, was “over the tribute,” i.e., the levy or forced labour.E·S·IAdonisa-do'-nis: A name for the Babylonian god TAMMUZ, which see.IAdonizedek(lord of justice), the Amorite king of Jerusalem who organized a league with four other Amorite princes against Joshua. The confederate kings having laid…SAdoptionThe giving to any one the name and place and privileges of a son who is not a son by birth.E·S·IAdor[ADORAIM]S·IAdora[ADORAIM]S·IAdoraim(double mound), a fortified city built by Rehoboam, (2 Chronicles 11:9) in Judah.S·IAdoramSee ADONIRAM.E·S·IAdorationThe acts and postures by which the Hebrews expressed adoration bear a great similarity to those still in use among Oriental nations.S·IAdoreTo worship; to express reverence and homage.EAdorna-dorn' (kosmeo): Has as its primary meaning "to arrange," "to put In order," "to decorate."IAdraSee ARAD (city).IAdrammelechAdar the king. (1.) An idol; a form of the sun-god worshipped by the inhabitants of Sepharvaim (2 Kings 17:31), and brought by the Sepharvite colonists into…E·SAdrammelech and Anammelecha-dram'-el-ek and a-nam'-el-ek ('adhrammelekh and `anammelekh, apparently, according to Assyrian usage, "Adar is prince," "Anu is prince."IAdramyttiumA city of Asia Minor on the coast of Mysia, which in early times was called AEolis.E·S·IAdria(Acts 27:27; R.V., “the sea of Adria”), the Adriatic Sea, including in Paul’s time the whole of the Mediterranean lying between Crete and Sicily.E·S·IAdrielFlock of God, the son of Barzillai, the Meholathite, to whom Saul gave in marriage his daughter Merab (1 Sam. 18:19).E·S·IAduela-du'-el (Adouel): An ancestor of Tobit (Tobit 1:1).IAdullamOne of the royal cities of the Canaanites, now ‘Aid-el-ma (Josh. 12:15; 15:35).E·S·IAdullamiteAn inhabitant of the city of Adullam (Gen. 38:1, 12, 20).E·IAdulteryConjugal infidelity.E·S·IAdummimThe red ones, a place apparently on the road between Jericho and Jerusalem, “on the south side of the torrent” Wady Kelt, looking toward Gilgal, mentioned…E·S·IAdvantagead-van'-taj (cakhan): In Job 35:3 is interpreted in succeeding clause as "profit."IAdventSee INCARNATION; MILLENNIUM; PAROUSIA.IAdventuread-ven'-tur: "To risk," "to dare," referring always to an undertaking attended with some peril (Jud 9:17: "My father adventured his life").IAdversary(Heb. satan), an opponent or foe (1 Kings 5:4; 11:14, 23, 25; Luke 13:17); one that speaks against another, a complainant (Matt. 5:25; Luke 12:58); an enemy…E·IAdversityad-vur'-si-ti: In the Revised Version (British and American) exclusively an Old Testament term, expressing the various forms of distress and evil conveyed by…IAdvertisead'-ver-tiz: This word is found twice in the Old Testament: In Nu 24:14 (from Hebrew, ya`ats, "to advise") Balsam advises Balak of the future of Israel and…IAdvicead-vis', ad-viz', ad-viz'-ment: Aside from their regular meaning these words are peculiarly employed as follows: (1) Advice' In 2Sa 19:43 (from, dabhar…IAdvisead-vis', ad-viz', ad-viz'-ment: Aside from their regular meaning these words are peculiarly employed as follows: (1) Advice' In 2Sa 19:43 (from, dabhar…IAdvisementad-vis', ad-viz', ad-viz'-ment: Aside from their regular meaning these words are peculiarly employed as follows: (1) Advice' In 2Sa 19:43 (from, dabhar…IAdvocate(Gr. parakletos), one who pleads another’s cause, who helps another by defending or comforting him.E·S·IAdytumad'-i-tum (Latin from Greek aduton, adjective adutos, "not to be entered"): Applied to the innermost sanctuary or chambers in ancient temples, and to secret…IAediasa-e-di'-as (Aedeias).IAegypt[EGYPT]SAeliae'-li-a. See JERUSALEM.IAeneas(laudble), a paralytic at Lydda healed by St. Peter. (Acts 9:33,34)S·IAeone'-on: This word originally meant "duration," "dispensation."IAera[CHRONOLOGY]SAesorae'-so-ra, the King James Version Esora, e-so'-ra (Aisora): A town in the borders of Samaria, mentioned in connection with Beth-boron and Jericho (Judith 4:4)…IAethiopia[ETHIOPIA]SAffecta-fekt', a-fek'-shun: The literal meaning of "affect" is to act upon (Latin ad, "to," "upon," facio, "to do").IAffectionFeeling or emotion.EAffinityRelationship by alliance (2 Chr. 18:1) or by marriage (1 Kings 3:1).E·S·IAffirma-fur'-ma-tivs (diischurizomai).IAffirmativesa-fur'-ma-tivs (diischurizomai).IAfflictiona-flik'-shun: Represents no fewer than 11 Hebrew words in the Old Testament, and 3 Greek words in the New Testament, of which the most common are (oni)…IAfflictionsCommon to all (Job 5:7; 14:1; Ps. 34:19); are for the good of men (James 1:2, 3, 12; 2 Cor. 12:7) and the glory of God (2 Cor. 12:7-10; 1 Pet. 4:14), and are…EAffrighta-frit': Designates a state of terror occasioned by some unexpected and startling occurrence; not as strong as "amazed," which refers more to the stupor…IAfoota-foot' (pezeuo, "to go on foot"): By walking from Troas to Assos Paul avoided the tedious voyage round Cape Lectum (Ac 20:13 the King James Version; compare…IAforea-for': Archaic for "before" of time, or "formerly"; frequently occurs as compound, as in "aforetime," "aforehand," etc.; in the New Testament most commonly…IAfresha-fresh': Only in Heb 6:6, "seeing they crucify to themselves the Son of God afresh," where it stands for the prefix of the Greek anastaurountas.IAfricaaf'-ri-ka: The name of this tract, as a continent, does not occur in the Bible, and it was only in later days known as one of the quarters of the world, under…IAfteraft'-er, aft'-er-werd: The fundamental thought, in which all shades of meaning unite, is that of succession either in time or place.IAfternoonaf-ter-noon' (neToth ha-yom, "the declining of the day"; Jud 19:8 the King James Version): The expression kechom ha-yom, "in the heat of the day" (Ge 18:1)…IAfterwardaft'-er, aft'-er-werd: The fundamental thought, in which all shades of meaning unite, is that of succession either in time or place.IAgabaag'-a-ba: A fortress in Judea.IAgabusA “prophet,” probably one of the seventy disciples of Christ.E·S·IAgadeag'-a-de: Ancient name for Akkad (or ACCAD, which see), one of the chief cities of Babylonia (Ge 10:10), and the capital city of Sargon, who lived and ruled…IAgagFlame, the usual title of the Amalekite kings, as “Pharaoh” was of the Egyptian.E·S·IAgagiteA name applied to Haman and also to his father (Esther 3:1, 10; 8:3, 5).E·S·IAgaina-gen': Advb. denoting repetition; in New Testament, generally for palin, "back," "once more."IAgainsta-genst' (kata; enantion; pros): Preposition expressing contrast.IAgapeag'-a-pe (agape).IAgar[HAGAR]S·IAgarenesag-a-renz': Baruch 3:23 the King James Version.IAgate(Heb. shebo), a precious stone in the breast-plate of the high priest (Ex. 28:19; 39:12), the second in the third row.E·S·IAgeUsed to denote the period of a man’s life (Gen. 47:28), the maturity of life (John 9:21), the latter end of life (Job 11:17), a generation of the human race…E·IAge, OldThe aged occupied a prominent place in the social and political system of the Jews.SAgeeFugitive, the father of Shammah, who was one of David’s mighty men (2 Sam. 23:11)E·S·IAges, Rock ofApplied to Yahweh as an encouragement for trust (Isa 26:4 the Revised Version, margin; the King James Version "everlasting strength").IAggabaa-ga'-ba (Aggaba, and Agraba; the King James Version, Graba) = Hagabah (Ezr 2:45) and Hagaba (Ne 7:48): The descendants of Abraham (temple-servants) returned…IAggaeusa-ge'-us (Aggaios; the King James Version Aggeus).IAgiaa'-gi-a (Agia; the King James Version Hagia) = Hattil (Ezr 2:57; Ne 7:59): The descendants of Abraham (sons of the servants of Solomon) returned with…IAgonea-gon': In the King James Version of 1Sa 30:13.IAgonyContest; wrestling; severe struggling with pain and suffering.E·IAgraphaag'-ra-fa (agrapha).IAgrarian Lawsa-gra'-ri-an loz: 1. The Sabbath Year 2. The Jubilee 3. Its Object 4. The Legal Rules 5. Ideas and Circumstances of the Legislation 6. Form of the Legislation…IAgreea-gre' (sumphoneo, "to be of the same mind," "to come to a mutual understanding"): This is the sense of the word in Mt 20:2; Joh 9:22, and other passages.IAgricultureTilling the ground (Gen. 2:15; 4:2, 3, 12) and rearing cattle were the chief employments in ancient times.E·S·IAgrippa[HEROD]S·IAgrippa I.The grandson of Herod the Great, and son of Aristobulus and Bernice.EAgrippa II.Son of the foregoing, was born at Rome, A.D. 27. He was the brother of Bernice and Drusilla.EAgueThe translation in Lev. 26:16 (R.V., “fever”) of the Hebrew word kaddah’ath, meaning “kindling”, i.e., an inflammatory or burning fever.E·IAgurGatherer; the collector, mentioned as author of the sayings in Prov. 30. Nothing is known of him beyond what is there recorded.E·S·IAh!An exclamation of sorrow or regret (Ps. 35:25; Isa. 1:4, 24; Jer. 1:6; 22:18; Mark 15:29).E·IAha!An exclamation of ridicule (Ps. 35:21; 40:15; 70:3).EAhabFather’s brother.E·S·IAhab and Zedekiaha'-hab, zed-e-ki'-a ('ach'abh, "uncle"; tsidhqiyahu, "Yahweh is my righteousness"): Ahab, son of Kolaiah, and Zedekiah, son of Maaseiah, were two prophets…IAharah(after the brother), third son of Benjamin.S·IAharahela-har'-hel ('acharchel, "brother of Rachel"; Septuagint adelphou Rechab, "brother of Rechab"): A son of Harum of the tribe of Judah (1Ch 4:8).IAharhel(behind the breastwork), a name occurring in an obscure fragment of the genealogies of Judah.SAhasai(whom Jehovah holds), a priest, ancestor of Maasiai, (Nehemiah 11:13) called JAHZERAH in (1 Chronicles 9:12)S·IAhasbai(blooming), father of Eli-phelet, one of David’s thirty-seven captains.S·IAhashveroshAnother (the Hebrew) form of AHASUERIUS.SAhasuerusThere are three kings designated by this name in Scripture.E·S·IAhavaWater, the river (Ezra 8:21) by the banks of which the Jewish exiles assembled under Ezra when about to return to Jerusalem from Babylon.E·S·IAhazPossessor.E·S·IAhaz, Dial ofSee DIAL OF AHAZ.IAhaziahHeld by Jehovah.E·S·IAhban(brother of the wise, discreet), son of Abishur by his wife Abihail.S·IAher(following), ancestor of Hushim a Benjamite.S·IAhi(a brother).S·IAhiah(friend of Jehovah).S·IAhiamMother’s brother, one of David’s thirty heroes (2 Sam. 23:33; 1 Chr. 11:35).E·S·IAhiana Manassite of the family of Shemidah.S·IAhiezerBrother of help; i.e., “helpful.”E·S·IAhihudBrother (i.e., “friend”) of union.E·S·IAhijahBrother (i.e., “friend”) of Jehovah.E·S·IAhikamBrother of support = helper, one of the five whom Josiah sent to consult the prophetess Huldah in connection with the discovery of the book of the law (2…E·S·IAhilud(a brother of one born, i.e. before him).S·IAhimaazBrother of anger = irascible.E·S·IAhimanBrother of a gift = liberal.E·S·IAhimelechBrother of the king, the son of Ahitub and father of Abiathar (1 Sam. 22:20-23).E·S·IAhimoth(brother of death), a Levite apparently in the time of David.S·IAhinadabBrother of liberality = liberal, one of the twelve commissariat officers appointed by Solomon in so many districts of his kingdom to raise supplies by monthly…E·S·IAhinoamBrother of pleasantness = pleasant.E·S·IAhioBrotherly.E·S·IAhiraBrother of evil = unlucky, or my brother is friend, chief of the tribe of Naphtali at the Exodus (Num. 1:15; 2:29).E·S·IAhiram(brother of height, lofty), one of the sons of Benjamin, and ancestor of the AHIRAMITES (Numbers 26:38) In (Genesis 46:21) the name appears as "Ehi and Rosh."S·IAhiramitea-hi'-ram-it ('achirami, "of the family of Ahiram"; Nu 26:38).IAhisamach(brother of help), a Danite, father of Aholiab one of the architects of the tabernacle.S·IAhishahar(brother of the dawn), one of the sons of Bilhan, the grandson of Benjamin.S·IAhisharBrother of song = singer, the officer who was “over the household” of Solomon (1 Kings 4:6).E·S·IAhithophelBrother of insipidity or impiety, a man greatly renowned for his sagacity among the Jews.E·S·IAhitoba-hi'-tob (Achitob; the King James Version Achitob): One of the ancestors of Ezra (1 Esdras 8:2; 2 Esdras 1:1).IAhitubBrother of goodness = good.E·S·IAhlabFatness, a town of Asher lying within the unconquered Phoenician border (Judg. 1:31), north-west of the Sea of Galilee; commonly identified with Giscala, now…E·S·IAhlai(ornamental) daughter of Sheshan, whom, having no issue, he gave in marriage to his Egyptian slave Jarha.S·IAhoahBrotherly, one of the sons of Bela, the son of Benjamin (1 Chr. 8:4).E·S·IAhohiteAn epithet applied to Dodo, one of Solomon’s captains (1 Chr. 27:4); to his son Eleazar, one of David’s three mightiest heroes (2 Sam. 23:9; 1 Chr. 11:12)…E·S·IAholahShe has her own tent, a name used by Ezekiel (23:4, 5, 36, 44) as a symbol of the idolatry of the kingdom of Israel.E·IAholah and Aholibah(my tabernacle) two symbolical names, are described as harlots, the former representing Samaria and the latter Judah.SAholiabTent of the father, an artist of the tribe of Dan, appointed to the work of preparing materials for the tabernacle (Ex. 31:6; 35:34; 36:1, 2; 38:23).E·S·IAholiaha-ho-li'-a. See OHOLIAH.IAholibahMy tent is in her, the name of an imaginary harlot, applied symbolically to Jerusalem, because she had abandoned the worship of the true God and given herself…E·IAholibamahTent of the height, the name given to Judith, the daughter of Beeri = Anah (Gen. 26:34; 36:2), when she became the wife of Esau.E·S·IAhumai(brother of water , i.e. cowardly), Son of Jabath, a descendant of Judah, and head of one of the families of the Zorathites.S·IAhuzam(possession), properly Ahuzzam son of Ashur, the father or founder of Tekoa, by his wife Naarah.SAhuzzama-huz'-am, a-hu'-zam ('achuzzam, "possessor").IAhuzzath(possesions) one of the friends of the Philistine king Abimelech, who accompanied him at his interview with Isaac.S·IAhzaia'-zi ('achzay, "my protector"): A priest who resided in Jerusalem (Ne 11:13).IAiRuins.E·S·IAiah(clamor).S·IAiath(feminine of Ai), a place named by Isaiah, (Isaiah 10:28) in connection with Migron and Michmash probably the same as Ai.S·IAidad (chazaq, "to strengthen," "to aid"): A military term used only once in Old Testament in the King James Version (Jud 9:24) and displaced in the Revised…IAijalike Aiath probably a variation of the name Ai, mentioned with Michmash and Bethel.S·IAijalon(place of gazelles).S·IAijeleth Hash-shaharSee PSALMS; SONG.IAijeleth ShaharHind of the dawn, a name found in the title of Ps. 22. It is probably the name of some song or tune to the measure of which the psalm was to be chanted.E·SAilal (Anglo-Saxon: eglan, "to pain"): As a verb translation, is "to trouble," "afflict" (obsolete); intrans, "to feel pain, trouble, uneasiness," etc.; it…IAimam: In The Wisdom of Solomon 13:9.IAin(spring, well).S·IAirThe atmosphere, as opposed to the higher regions of the sky (1 Thess. 4:17; Rev. 9:2; 16:17).E·IAirusa-i'-rus, ar'-us (Iairos): the King James Version, one of the heads of a family of temple servants (1 Esdras 5:31 the Revised Version (British and American)…IAj Alon[AIJALON, OR AJALON]SAjah1. (Genesis 36:24)S·IAjalonAnd Aij’alon, place of deer.E·IAkan(sharp sighted), son of Ezer, one of the "dukes" or chieftains of the Horites, and descendant of Seir.S·IAkatanak'-a-tan (Akatan; the King James Version, Acatan = Hakkatan; Ezr 8:12): The father of Joannes who returned with Ezra to Jerusalem (1 Esdras 8:38).IAkeldamaRevised Version of (Acts 1:19) for ACELDAMA.S·IAkkadSee ACCAD; ACCADIANS.IAkkadiansSee ACCAD; ACCADIANS.IAkkosak'-os (Akbos in 1 Esdras 5:38; the King James Version Accos, which see): The Old Testament equivalent (1Ch 24:10; Ezr 2:61; Ne 3:4,21) is HAKKOZ (haqqots)…IAkkub(another form of Jacob).E·S·IAkrabattineak-ra-ba-ti'-ne (Akrabattine; the King James Version, Arabattine): A place in Idumaea where Judas Maccabee defeated the children of Esau (1 Macc 5:3).IAkrabbimScorpions, probably the general name given to the ridge containing the pass between the south of the Dead Sea and Zin, es-Sufah, by which there is an ascent…E·S·IAl-taschithSee PSALMS; SONG.IAl-tashhethSee PSALMS; SONG.IAlabasterOccurs only in the New Testament in connection with the box of “ointment of spikenard very precious,” with the contents of which a woman anointed the head of…E·S·IAlamethproperly Al’emeth (covering), one of the sons of Beecher,the son of Benjamin.S·IAlammelech(king’s oak), a place within the limits of Asher, named between Achshaph and Amad.S·IAlamothVirgins, a musical term (1 Chr. 15:20), denoting that the psalm which bears this inscription (Ps. 46) was to be sung by soprano or female voices.E·S·IAlarmA particular quivering sound of the silver trumpets to give warning to the Hebrews on their journey through the wilderness (Num. 10:5, 6), a call to arms, or…E·IAlbeitol-be'-it (hina me; literally, "lest"): Occurs in a paraphrase rather than as a translation of a clause in Phm 1:19 the King James Version.IAlcimusal'-si-mus ('elyaqum, "God will rise"; Alkimos, "valiant"): A high priest for three years, 163-161 BC, the record of whose career may be found in 1 Macc…IAlcoveal'-kov (qubbah; the King James Version tent; the American Standard Revised Version pavilion; the American Revised Version, margin alcove): Perhaps a large…IAlemaal'-e-ma (Alemois): A town in Gilead, mentioned once only (1 Macc 5:26), besieged by the nations under Timotheus, together with Bosor and other cities; and…IAlemethCovering.E·S·IAlepha'-lef ('): The first letter of the Hebrew alphabet.IAleppoa-lep'-o. See BEREA.IAlexanderMan-defender.E·S·IAlexander BalasAlexander ba'-las (Alexandros ho Balas legomenos): He contended against Demetrius I of Syria for the throne and succeeded in obtaining it.IAlexander III(helper of men--brave) king of Macedon, surnamed the Great, the son of Philip and Olympias, was born at Pella B.C. 356, and succeeded his father B.C. 336.SAlexander the GreatThe king of Macedonia, the great conqueror; probably represented in Daniel by the “belly of brass” (Dan. 2:32), and the leopard and the he-goat (7:6; 11:3,4).E·IAlexandriaThe ancient metropolis of Lower Egypt, so called from its founder, Alexander the Great (about B.C. 333).E·S·IAlexandriansthe Jewish colonists of Alexandria, who were admitted to the privileges of citizenship and had a synagogue at Jerusalem.S·IAlgum(2 Chr. 2:8; 9:10,11), the same as almug (1 Kings 10:11).E·SAliah[ALVAH]S·IAlian[ALVAN]S·IAlienA foreigner, or person born in another country, and therefore not entitled to the rights and privileges of the country where he resides.E·IAlienateal'-yen-at (`abhar; apallotrioo, "to estrange from"): In Old Testament, for the break between husband and wife caused by unfaithfulness to the marriage vow…IAlivea-liv' (chai, "living"; zao, "to live," anazao, "to live again"): These Hebrew and Greek originals are the chief terms for life in both Testaments.IAllol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.IAllammelecha-lam'-e-lek ('allammelekh, "oak of a king"): A town in the tribe of Asher, the location of which is not known (Jos 19:26; the King James Version Alammelech).IAllaral'-ar (the King James Version, Aalar; Aalar): Occurring once (1 Esdras 5:36) and used apparently to indicate a place from which certain Jews came on the…IAllaya-la' (heniach, "to cause to rest," "soothe": "Gentleness allayeth (lit., "pacifieth") great offenses" (Ec 10:4)): The word is applied to what "excites…IAllegea-lej' ("paratithemi," "to set forth," Ac 17:3): It is not used in the English Bible in its more modern and usual sense, "to assert," but is about equivalent…IAllegiancea-le'-jans (mishmereth, "a charge," from shamar, "to keep," 1Ch 12:29): the Revised Version, margin gives as literal meaning, "kept the charge of the house of…IAllegoryUsed only in Gal. 4:24, where the apostle refers to the history of Isaac the free-born, and Ishmael the slave-born, and makes use of it allegorically.E·S·IAlleluiaThe Greek form (Rev. 19:1, 3, 4, 6) of the Hebrew Hallelujah = Praise ye Jehovah, which begins or ends several of the psalms (106, 111, 112, 113, etc.).E·S·IAllemethal'-e-meth (`allemeth, "concealment"; the King James Version Alemeth, 1Ch 6:60): Name of a town in tribe of Benjamin, near Anathoth, one of the cities given…IAllianceA treaty between nations, or between individuals, for their mutual advantage.E·IAlliancesOn the first establishment of the Hebrews in Palestine no connections were formed between them and the surrounding nations.SAllieda-lid' (qarobh, "near," as in Ge 45:10; Ex 13:17, etc.): Ne 13:4 refers either to family ties, as in Ru 2:20, or to intimate association.IAllomal'-om (Allon): the Revised Version (British and American) ALLON (which see): One of the families of the "servants of Solomon," whose descendants returned…IAllonOak.E·S·IAllon-bachuthOak of weeping, a tree near Bethel, at the spot where Deborah, Rebekah’s nurse, was buried (Gen. 35:8).EAllon-bacuthal'-on-ba'-kuth ('allon bakhuth; the King James Version transliterates Allon-bachuth, al-on-bak'uth, "oak of weeping"): The burial place of Deborah, the nurse…IAllowa-lou', a-lou'-ans: The verb "to allow" is used in the King James Version to translate four different Greek words: (1) suneudokeo, "to approve together" (with…IAllowancea-lou', a-lou'-ans: The verb "to allow" is used in the King James Version to translate four different Greek words: (1) suneudokeo, "to approve together" (with…IAlloya-loi' (bedhil): In Isa 1:25 the Revised Version, margin; translated "tin" in the text.IAllurea-lur' (pathah, "to persuade," "woo," "entice"; deleazo, "to entrap," "lay a bait"): (1) "I will allure her, and bring her into the wilderness" (Ho 2:14)…IAlmightyol-mit'-i: (1) (shaddai (Ge 17:1)): Found in the Old Testament forty-eight times, most of these in the Book of Job; it occurs either alone or in combination…IAlmodadImmeasurable, the first named of the sons of Joktan (Gen. 10:26), the founder of an Arabian tribe.E·S·IAlmonHidden, one of the sacerdotal cities of Benjamin (Josh. 21:18), called also Alemeth (1 Chr. 6:60).E·S·IAlmon-diblathaimal'-mon-dib-la-tha'-im (`almon dibhlathayim, "Almon of the double cake of figs"): A station in the wilderness journeyings of the Israelites, located in Moab…IAlmondA native of Syria and Palestine.E·IAlmond TreeThis word is found in (Genesis 43:11; Exodus 25:33,34; 37:19,20; Numbers 17:8; Ecclesiastes 12:5; Jeremiah 1:11) in the text of the Authorized Version.SAlmondiblathaim(concealing the two cakes), one of the latest stations of the Israelites between Dibon-gad and the mountains of Abarim (Numbers 33:46,47) It is probably…SAlmostol'-most (en oligo): In Ac 26:28 the Greek en oligo does not mean "almost," although scholars have for centuries translated the clause "Almost thou persuadest…IAlmsNot found in the Old Testament, but repeatedly in the New.E·S·IAlmsgivingNot found in the Old Testament, but repeatedly in the New.E·S·IAlmug(1 Kings 10:11, 12) = algum (2 Chr. 2:8; 9:10, 11), in the Hebrew occurring only in the plural almuggim (indicating that the wood was brought in planks), the…E·IAlmug Trees[ALGUM OR ALMUG TREES TREES]SAlnathanal'-na-than (Alnathan, "God has given," the Revised Version (British and American) ELNATHAN): Apocryphal name of a person (1 Esdras 8:44) corresponding to…IAloes(Heb. ‘ahalim), a fragrant wood (Num. 24:6; Ps. 45:8; Prov. 7:17; Cant. 4:14), the Aquilaria agallochum of botanists, or, as some suppose, the costly gum or…E·IAloes, Lign Aloes(in Heb. Ahalim, Ahaloth), The name of a costly and sweet-smelling wood which is mentioned in (Numbers 24:6; Psalms 45:8; Proverbs 7:17; Solomon 4:14; John…SAlofta-loft' (epano): Only in 1 Esdras 8:92.IAlonga-long': Corresponding to two different Hebrew words, Jud 9:25; 1Sa 6:12; Jer 41:6, joined with "come" and "go," vividly describes a course that is taken--it…IAlotha place or district, forming with Asher the jurisdiction of the ninth of Solomon’s commissariat officers.S·IAlpha(A), the first letter of the Greek alphabet.SAlpha and Omegaal'-fa, o'-me-ga, o-me'-ga (Alpha and Omega = A and O): The first and last letters of the Greek alphabet, hence, symbolically, "beginning and end"; in…IAlphabet[WRITING]S·IAlphaeus(1.) The father of James the Less, the apostle and writer of the epistle (Matt. 10:3; Mark 3:18; Luke 6:15; Acts 1:13), and the husband of Mary (John 19:25).E·S·IAlsool'-so: In the Greek kai, when it is equivalent to "also" or "even," is always placed before the word or phrase which it is intended to emphasize (e.g. Ac…IAltaneusSee MALTANNEUS (Apocrypha).IAltar(Heb. mizbe’ah, from a word meaning “to slay”), any structure of earth (Ex. 20:24) or unwrought stone (20:25) on which sacrifices were offered.E·S·IAltaschithDestroy not, the title of Ps. 57, 58, 59, and 75. It was probably the name of some song to the melody of which these psalms were to be chanted.E·SAltogetherol-too-geth'-er: Representing five Hebrew and three Greek originals, which variously signify (1) "together"; i.e. all, e.g. `all men, high and low, weighed…IAlushOne of the places, the last before Rephidim, at which the Hebrews rested on their way to Sinai (Num. 33:13, 14).E·S·IAlvah(evil), a duke of Edom, (Genesis 36:40) written ALIAH in (1 Chronicles 1:51)S·IAlvan(tall), a Horite, son of Shobal, (Genesis 36:23) written ALIAN in (1 Chronicles 1:40)S·IAlwayol'-way, ol'-waz (archaic and poetic): Properly applied to acts or states perpetually occurring, but not necessarily continuous.IAlwaysol'-way, ol'-waz (archaic and poetic): Properly applied to acts or states perpetually occurring, but not necessarily continuous.IAmad(enduring), an unknown place in Asher, between Alammelech and Misheal.S·IAmadatha(Esther 16:10,17) and Amad’athus .S·IAmadathus(Esther 16:10,17) and Amad’athus .S·IAmaina-man' (translated from the Greek eis phugen hormesan, "they rushed to flight"): The word is composed of the prefix "a" and the word "main," meaning "force."IAmal(labor), an Asherite, son of Helem.S·IAmalekDweller in a valley, the son of Eliphaz and grandson of Esau (Gen. 36:12; 1 Chr. 1:36); the chief of an Idumean tribe (Gen. 36:16).E·S·IAmalekiteA tribe that dwelt in Arabia Petraea, between the Dead Sea and the Red Sea.EAmalekitesa nomadic tribe of uncertain origin, which occupied the peninsula of Sinai and the wilderness intervening between the southern hill-ranges of Palestine and…SAmalekites, Mount ofa mountain in Ephraim, (Judges 12:15) probably so named because the Amalekites once held possession of it.SAmam(gathering place), a city in the south of Judah named with Shema and Moladah in (Joshua 15:26) only.S·IAman[HAMAN] (Esther 10:7; 12:6; 13:3,12; 14:17; 16:10,17)S·IAmanaPerennial.E·S·IAmariahSaid by Jehovah.E·S·IAmariasam-a-ri'-as (A, Amarias; B, Amartheias) = Amariah number 3: An ancestor of Ezra (1 Esdras 8:2; 2 Esdras 1:2).IAmarna, Tell El-tel-el-a-mar'-na. See TELL EL-AMARNA.IAmasaBurden.E·S·IAmasaiBurdensome.E·S·IAmashaiThe son of Azareel, appointed by Nehemiah to reside at Jerusalem and do the work of the temple (Neh. 11:13).E·SAmashsaia-mash'-si `amashcay, probably a textual error for `amashay; the ("s") implies a reading `-M-C-Y, based on a mistaken derivation from '-M-C. The original…IAmasiahBurden of (i.e., “sustained by”) Jehovah, the “son of Zichri, who willingly offered himself unto the Lord,” a captain over thousands under Jehoshaphat (2 Chr.…E·S·IAmath[HAMATH]S·IAmatheisam-a-the'-is. See EMATHEIS.IAmathis[HAMATH]S·IAmazeda-mazd': A term which illustrates the difficulty of expressing in one English word the wide range of startled emotion, wonder, astonishment, awe, covered, in…IAmaziahStrengthened by Jehovah.E·S·IAmbassadorIn the Old Testament the Hebrew word tsir, meaning “one who goes on an errand,” is rendered thus (Josh. 9:4; Prov. 13:17; Isa. 18:2; Jer. 49:14; Obad. 1:1).E·S·IAmbassageThe word also sometimes includes the ambassadors themselves.S·IAmber(Ezek. 1:4, 27; 8:2.E·S·IAmbitiousam-bish'-us (philotimeomai, "to be strongly desirous," "strive earnestly," "make it one's aim"): Given as a marginal reading in Ro 15:20 ("being ambitious to…IAmbushJoshua at the capture of Ai lay in ambush, and so deceived the inhabitants that he gained an easy victory (Josh. 8:4-26).E·IAmbushmentam'-boosh-ment (as above) has now disappeared in 2Ch 20:22, where the Revised Version (British and American) gives for "ambushment" "liers-in-wait."IAmenThis Hebrew word means firm, and hence also faithful (Rev. 3:14).E·S·IAmercea-murs': Found in the King James Version only in De 22:19, "And they shall amerce him in an hundred shekels of silver."IAmerican Revised Version1. History: On July 7, 1870, it was moved in the Lower House of the Convocation of Canterbury that in the work of revision the cooperation of American divines…IAmethystOne of the precious stones in the breastplate of the high priest (Ex. 28:19; 39:12), and in the foundation of the New Jerusalem (Rev. 21:20).E·S·IAmi(builder), one of Solomon’s servants, (Ezra 2:57) called AMON, OR AMEN, AMON in (Nehemiah 7:59)S·IAmiablea'-mi-a-b'-l (yedhidh, "beloved"): Applied to the tabernacle or tent of meeting "How amiable ("lovely" the Revised Version, margin) are thy tabernacles" (Ps…IAminadaba-min'-a-dab (Aminadab): the King James Version: Greek form of Amminadab (which see).IAmissa-mis': There are two words translated "amiss" in the New Testament, atopos, referring to that which is improper or harmful (Lu 23:41; Ac 28:6), while kakos…IAmittaiTrue, the father of Jonah the prophet, a native of Gath-hepher (2 Kings 14:25; Jonah 1:1).E·S·IAmmahA cubit, the name of a hill which Joab and Abishai reached as the sun went down, when they were in pursuit of Abner (2 Sam. 2:24).E·S·IAmmiMy people, a name given by Jehovah to the people of Israel (Hos. 2:1, 23. Comp. 1:9; Ezek. 16:8; Rom. 9:25, 26; 1 Pet. 2:10).E·S·IAmmidioia-mid'-i-oi, am'-i-doi (the King James Version Ammidioi, (also with aspirate); occurring only in 1 Esdras 5:20): One of the families returning from the…IAmmidoia-mid'-i-oi, am'-i-doi (the King James Version Ammidioi, (also with aspirate); occurring only in 1 Esdras 5:20): One of the families returning from the…IAmmielPeople of God.E·S·IAmmihudPeople of glory; i.e., “renowned.”E·S·IAmmihura-mi'-hur (the King James Version and the Revised Version, margin; `ammichur, "my kinsman is noble"; Emioud).IAmminadabKindred of the prince.E·S·IAmminadibA person mentioned in Cant. 6:12, whose chariots were famed for their swiftness.E·S·IAmmishaddaiPeople of the Almighty, the father of Ahiezer, who was chief of the Danites at the time of the Exodus (Num. 1:12; 2:25).E·IAmmizabadPeople of the giver, the son of Benaiah, who was the third and chief captain of the host under David (1 Chr. 27:6).E·S·IAmmonAnother form of the name Ben-ammi, the son of Lot (Gen. 19:38).E·S·IAmmoniteThe usual name of the descendants of Ammon, the son of Lot (Gen. 19:38).EAmmonitesAnother form of the name Ben-ammi, the son of Lot (Gen. 19:38).E·S·IAmmonitessa woman of Ammonite race.S·IAmmonnoSee NO-AMON.SAmninadab(Matthew 1:4; Luke 3:33) [AMMINADAB, 1]SAmnonFaithful.E·SAmoka priest who returned with Zerubbabel.S·IAmonBuilder.E·S·IAmorite, the Amorites(dwellers on the summits, mountaineers), one of the chief nations who possessed the land of Canaan before its conquest by the Israelites.SAmoritesHighlanders, or hillmen, the name given to the descendants of one of the sons of Canaan (Gen. 14:7), called Amurra or Amurri in the Assyrian and Egyptian…E·IAmosBorne; a burden, one of the twelve minor prophets.E·S·IAmos, Book ofThe book of the prophecies of Amos seems to be divided into four principal portions closely connected together.SAmozStrong, the father of the prophet Isaiah (2 Kings 19:2, 20; 20:1; Isa. 1:1; 2:1).E·S·IAmphipolisCity on both sides, a Macedonian city, a great Roman military station, through which Paul and Silas passed on their way from Philippi to Thessalonica, a…E·S·IAmpliasA Roman Christian saluted by Paul (Rom. 16:8).E·S·IAmpliatus(Revised Version,) (Romans 16:8) (the full name of which AMPLIAS, above, is the contraction.S·IAmramKindred of the High; i.e., “friend of Jehovah.”E·S·IAmramitesA branch of the great Kohathite family of the tribe of Levi, (Numbers 3:27; 1 Chronicles 26:23) descended from Amram, the father of Moses.S·IAmraphelKing of Shinar, southern Chaldea, one of the confederates of Chedorlaomer, king of Elam, in a war against Sodom and cities of the plain (Gen. 14:1, 4).E·S·IAmuletam'-u-let (qemia, lechashim, mezuzah, tephillin, tsitsith; phulakterion): Modern scholars are of opinion that our English word amulet comes from the Latin…IAmuletswere ornaments, gems, scrolls. etc.. worn as preservatives against the power of enchantments, and generally inscribed with mystic forms or characters.SAmzi(strong).S·IAnabGrape-town, one of the cities in the mountains of Judah, from which Joshua expelled the Anakim (Josh. 11:21; 15:50).E·S·IAnaelan'-a-el (Anael): A brother of Tobit mentioned once only (/APC Tobit 1:21) as the father of Achiacharus, who was an official in Nineveh under Esar-haddon.IAnahSpeech.E·S·IAnaharath(gorge or pass), a place within the border of Issachar, named with Shihon and Rabbith.S·IAnaiah(whom Jehovah answers).S·IAnakLong-necked, the son of Arba, father of the Anakim (Josh. 15:13; 21:11, Heb. Anok).E·IAnakimThe descendants of Anak (Josh. 11:21; Num. 13:33; Deut. 9:2).E·S·IAnamimThe name of an Egyptian tribe descended from Mizraim (Gen. 10:13; 1 Chr. 1:11).E·S·IAnammelechOne of the gods worshipped by the people of Sepharvaim, who colonized Samaria (2 Kings 17:31).E·S·IAnanCloud, one of the Israelites who sealed the covenant after the return from Babylon (Neh. 10:26).E·S·IAnani(Protected by Jehovah), the seventh son of Elioenai, descended from the royal line of Judah.S·IAnaniahProtected by Jehovah, the name of a town in the tribe of Benjamin between Nob and Hazor (Neh. 11:32).E·S·IAnaniasA common Jewish name, the same as Hananiah.E·S·IAnaniela-nan'-i-el (Ananiel, "God is gracious"): An ancestor of Tobit (Tobit 1:1).IAnathAn answer; i.e., to “prayer”, the father of Shamgar, who was one of the judges of Israel (Judg. 3:31).E·S·IAnathemaAnything laid up or suspended; hence anything laid up in a temple or set apart as sacred.E·S·IAnathothThe name of one of the cities of refuge, in the tribe of Benjamin (Josh. 21:18).E·S·IAnathothitean'-a-thoth-it (ha-`annethothi): the Revised Version (British and American) form of the King James Version Anethothite, Anetothite, Antothite.IAncestorsan'-ses-ters (ri'shonim, "first ones"): The word ancestor appears in the English Bible only once (Le 26:45).IAnchorFrom Acts 27:29, 30, 40, it would appear that the Roman vessels carried several anchors, which were attached to the stern as well as to the prow.E·S·IAncientan'-shent: This word renders several Hebrew words: (1) qedhem, which denotes "beforetime," "yore"; generally the remote past (compare De 33:15, "ancient…IAncient of DaysAn expression applied to Jehovah three times in the vision of Daniel (7:9, 13, 22) in the sense of eternal.E·IAncientsan-shents: This word (except in one instance) renders the Hebrew word zeqenim, (pl of zaqen), which should always be translated "old men" or "elders."IAnclean'-k'-l. See ANKLE.IAndrewManliness, a Greek name; one of the apostles of our Lord.E·S·IAndronicusMan-conquering, a Jewish Christian, the kinsman and fellowprisoner of Paul (Rom. 16:7); “of note among the apostles.”E·S·IAnemTwo fountains, a Levitical city in the tribe of Issachar (1 Chr. 6:73).E·S·IAnerA boy.E·S·IAnethothite(2 Samuel 23:27) Anet’othite , (1 Chronicles 27:12) and An’tothite, (1 Chronicles 11:28; 12:3) an inhabitant of Anathoth, of the tribe of Benjamin.S·IAnetothitean'-e-toth-it: the King James Version form of Anathothite (thus the Revised Version (British and American) 1Ch 27:12).IAngelA word signifying, both in the Hebrew and Greek, a “messenger,” and hence employed to denote any agent God sends forth to execute his purposes.E·IAngel of GodSee ANGEL.IAngel of YahwehSee ANGEL (II, 3).IAngel of the Lord(Genesis 16:7) etc. (The special form in which God manifested himself to man, and hence Christ’s visible form before the incarnation.SAngelsBy the word "angels" (i.e. "messengers" of God) we ordinarily understand a race of spiritual beings of a nature exalted far above that of man, although…SAngels of the Seven ChurchesIt is evident from the contexts of the various Biblical passages in which the word "angel" appears, that the word does not always represent the same idea.IAngerThe emotion of instant displeasure on account of something evil that presents itself to our view.E·IAnglean'-g'-l: Used in Isa 19:8 for a Hebrew noun that is rendered "hook" in Job 41:1: "The fishers shall lament, and all they that cast angle (hook) into the Nile…IAnglingan'-gling: Angling, i.e. fishing with a hook or angle, was little known among the ancients.IAnglo-saxon VersionsSee ENGLISH VERSIONS.IAnguishan'-gwish: Extreme distress of body, mind or spirit; excruciating pain or suffering of soul, e.g. excessive grief, remorse, despair.IAniam(sighing of the people), a Manassite, son of Shemidah (1 Chronicles 7:19)S·IAnimFountains, a city in the mountains of Judah (Josh. 15:50), now el-Ghuwein, near Eshtemoh, about 10 miles south-west of Hebron.E·S·IAnimalAn organized living creature endowed with sensation.E·IAniseThis word is found only in Matt. 23:23.E·S·IAnklean'-k'-l (in older editions of the King James Version, ancle): From Hebrew me'aphecayim literally, "water of ankles," i.e. shallow water (Eze 47:3)…IAnkle-chainThis word does not occur in the Authorized Version; but anklets are referred to in (Isaiah 3:16,18,20) They were fastened to the ankle band of each leg; were…S·IAnkletThis word does not occur in the Authorized Version; but anklets are referred to in (Isaiah 3:16,18,20) They were fastened to the ankle band of each leg; were…S·IAnnaGrace, an aged widow, the daughter of Phanuel.E·S·IAnnaasan'-a-as (Sanaas, 1 Esdras 5:23, the Revised Version (British and American) SANAAS): The Senaah of Ezr 2:35.IAnnasWas high priest A.D. 7-14.E·S·IAnnisan'-is (the King James Version Ananias; the Revised Version, margin Annias, Anneis Codex Vaticanus, Annias Codex Alexandrinus): The name of a family in the…IAnnula-nul', dis-a-nul': God, as the Supreme Ruler, can disannul His covenant for cause (Isa 28:18); man, through willfulness and transgression, as party of the…IAnnusan'-us (A, Annous, B, Anniouth; the King James Version Anus = Bani, Ne 8:7): One of the Levites who interpreted the law to the people (1 Esdras 9:48).IAnnuusan'-u-us (Announos): Returned with Ezra from Babylon to perform the functions of a priest in Jerusalem (1 Esdras 8:48).IAnointThe practice of anointing with perfumed oil was common among the Hebrews. (1.) The act of anointing was significant of consecration to a holy or sacred use…E·IAnointedThe practice of anointing with perfumed oil was common among the Hebrews. (1.) The act of anointing was significant of consecration to a holy or sacred use…E·IAnointingin Holy Scripture, is either, I. Material--with oil--or II. Spiritual--with the Holy Ghost.S·IAnona-non' (eutheos, euthus): In the King James Version of Mr 1:30; Mt 13:20, for "straightway" of the Revised Version (British and American), i.e. "without…IAnosa'-nos (Anos = Vaniah (Ezr 10:36): A son of Bani who put away his "strange wife" (1 Esdras 9:34).IAnsweran'-ser: In our English Bible the word "answer" does not always mean a simple reply to a question.IAnswerablean'-ser-a-bl: This word is found in the Old Testament only.IAnt(Heb. nemalah, from a word meaning to creep, cut off, destroy), referred to in Prov. 6:6; 30:25, as distinguished for its prudent habits.E·S·IAntediluvian Patriarchs1. The Ten Antediluvian Patriarchs: Ten patriarchs who lived before the Flood are listed in the genealogical table of Ge 5, together with a statement of the…IAntediluvians1. Chronology Uncertain: According to the ordinary interpretation of the genealogical tables in Ge 5 the lives of the antediluvians were prolonged to an…IAntelopean'-te-lop (RV; the King James Version "wild ox," te'o (De 14:5), and "wild bull," to (Isa 51:20)); orux (The Septuagint in Codex Vaticanus has hos seutlion…IAnthedonan-the'-don: A city of Palestine, rebuilt along with Samaria, Ashdod, Gaza, and other cities, at Gabinius' command (Josephus, Ant, XIV, v, 3).IAnthothijahan-tho-thi'-ja (`anthothiyah, "belonging to Anathoth"(?)): A son of Shasak of Benjamin (1Ch 8:24), written in the King James Version Antothijah.IAnthropologyan-thro-pol'-o-ji: I. TERMS EMPLOYED II. NATURE OF MAN BIBLICAL CONCEPTION III. ORIGIN OF MAN FROM SCRIPTURE ACCOUNT: NARRATIVES OF CREATION IV. UNITY OF THE…IAnthropomorphisman-thro-po-mor'-fiz'-m: 1. Definition of the Term 2. Old Testament Anthropomorphisms 3. In What Senses an Anthropomorphic Element Is Necessary 4.…IAnti-libanusSee LEBANON.IAntichristAgainst Christ, or an opposition Christ, a rival Christ.E·S·IAntilogemenaan-ti-le-gom'-e-na. See BIBLE; CANON OF THE NEW TESTAMENT; DEUTERO-CANONICAL.IAntimonySee COLOR.IAntioch(1.) In Syria, on the river Orontes, about 16 miles from the Mediterranean, and some 300 miles north of Jerusalem.E·SAntioch, in Syriaan'-ti-ok, (Antiocheia).IAntioch, of Pisidiaan'-ti-ok, pi-sid'-i-a (Antiocheia pros Pisidia, or aAntiocheia he Pisidia = "Pisidian").IAntiochiansan-ti-o'-ki-ans (Antiocheis, peculiar to the Apocrypha, 2 Macc 4:9,19): Antiochus Epiphanes was on the throne of Syria from 175 to 164 BC.IAntiochisan-ti'-o-kis (Antiochis): A concubine of Antiochus Epiphanes who had presented her with the two Cilician cities, Tarsus and Mallus.IAntiochusThe name of several Syrian kings from B.C. 280 to B.C. 65. The most notable of these were, (1.) Antiochus the Great, who ascended the throne B.C. 223.E·S·IAntiochus Epiphanes(Epiphanes, e-pif'-a-naz, "Illustrious"): Son of Antiochus III who became king after his brother, Seleucus IV, had been murdered by Heliodorus.IAntiochus Ian-ti'-o-kus (Antiochos Soter, "savior"): born 323 BC; died 261, son of Seleucus Nicator.IAntiochus IISurnamed Theos (Theos, "god"): Son and successor of Antiochus (261-246 BC).IAntiochus III(Megas, "The Great," mentioned in 1 Macc 1:10; 8:6-8): Son of Seleucus Kallinikos; succeeded to the throne of Syria in 222 BC; put to death his general…IAntiochus IV(Epiphanes, e-pif'-a-naz, "Illustrious"): Son of Antiochus III who became king after his brother, Seleucus IV, had been murdered by Heliodorus.IAntiochus V(Eupator, "Nobleborn"): Son and successor to Antiochus Epiphanes, ascended the throne as a mere boy (163-161 BC) under the guardianship of Lysias, who led an…IAntiochus VI(Surnamed Theos (Theos), or, according to coins, Dionysus Epiphanes): Was the son of Alexander Balas, who claimed to be the son of Antiochus Epiphanes.IAntiochus VII(Surnamed Sidetes, Sidetes, after Sida in Pamphylia, where he was educated): Younger son of Demetrius Soter and brother of Demetrius Nicator, whose wife…IAntipas(1.) Herod Antipas, a son of Herod the Great by his Samaritan wife Malthace.E·S·IAntipateran-tip'-a-ter (Antipatros): One of two envoys sent by the senate of the Jews to the Romans and Spartans (1 Macc 12:16; 14:22).IAntipatrisA city built by Herod the Great, and called by this name in honour of his father, Antipater.E·S·IAntoniaA fortress in Jerusalem, at the north-west corner of the temple area.E·S·IAntothijah(answers of Jehovah), a Benjamite, one of the sons of Jeroham.S·IAntothiteAn inhabitant of Anathoth, found only in 1 Chr. 11:28; 12:3.E·S·IAnub(confederate), son of Coz and descendant of Judah, through Ashur the father of Tekoa (1 Chronicles 4:8)S·IAnusSee ANNUS (Apocrypha).IAnvilThe rendering of the Hebrew word , “beaten,” found only in Isa. 41:7.E·IApacea-pas' ("at a pace"): With "come," 2Sa 18:25; "flee," Jer 46:5, for "rapidly," "hastily," "fast," corresponding to a Hebrew idiom that adds emphasis or…IApamea-pa'-me, ap'-a-me (Apame): A concubine of Darius and a daughter of Bartacus the Illustrious, whose behavior to the king is referred to in a speech of…IAparta-part' (badh, "separation," i.e. alone, by oneself; niddah, "uncleanness" i.e. something put away: "an abomination"): In Zec 12:12-14 the former word is used…IApeAn animal of the monkey tribe (1 Kings 10:22; 2 Chr. 9:21).E·IApellesA Christian at Rome whom Paul salutes (Rom. 16:10), and styles “approved in Christ.”E·S·IApes(Heb. kophim) are mentioned in (1 Kings 10:22) and 2Chr 9:21 There can be little doubt that the apes were brought from the same country which supplied ivory…SAphaeremaa-fer'-e-ma (Aphairema and Apherema; the King James Version Apherema).IApharsachitesA company of the colonists whom the Assyrian king planted in Samaria (Ezra 5:6; 6:6).EApharsathchitesaf-ar-sath'-kits, a-far'-sak-its ('apharcathkhaye'): A tribe living in Samaria that protested against the rebuilding of the Temple, and brought their…IApharsathchites, Apharsites, Apharsacitesthe names of certain tribes, colonies from which had been planted in Samaria by the Assyrian leader Asnapper.SApharsitesAnother of the tribes removed to Samaria (Ezra 4:9), or perhaps the same as the preceding.E·IAphek(strength), the name of several places in Palestine.S·IAphekah(strong place), a city of Judah, in the mountains (Joshua 15:53) probably the same as APHEK, 1.S·IApheremaSee APHAEREMA (Apocrypha).IApherraa-fer'-a (Apherra): Head of a family of children of Solomon's servants in the post-exilic list, one of eight listed in 1 Esdras 5:34 after Pochereth-hazzebaim…IAphiah(refreshed), one of the fore-fathers of King Saul.S·IAphik(Judg. 1:31); Aphek (Josh. 13:4; 19:30), stronghold.E·S·IAphrah(dust), The house of, a place mentioned in (Micah 1:10) Its site is uncertain.S·IAphses(the dispersion), chief of the 15th of the 24 courses in the service of the temple.S·IApocalypseThe Greek name of the Book of Revelation.E·S·IApocalypse of BaruchSee APOCALYPTIC LITERATURE.IApocalyptic Literaturea-pok-a-lip'-tik lit'-er-a-tur: INTRODUCTORY I. BACKGROUND OF APOCALYPTIC 1. Judaism and Hellenism 2. Political Influences II. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF…IApocryphaHidden, spurious, the name given to certain ancient books which found a place in the LXX. and Latin Vulgate versions of the Old Testament, and were appended…E·S·IApocryphal Actsa-pok'-ri-fal akts: A. GENERAL INTRODUCTION I. THE MEANING OF "APOCRYPHAL" 1. Secret 2. False and Heretical 3. Extra-Canonical II. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS 1.…IApocryphal Epistlesa-pok'-ri-fal e-pis'-ls: A few epistles have been attributed to the Virgin Mary, but these are very late and without value.IApocryphal Gospelsa-pok'-ri-fal gos'-pels: I. INTRODUCTORY 1. Early Gospels 2. Canonical Gospels 3. Apocryphal Gospels 4. Gospel according to the Hebrews II. HERETICAL GOSPELS…IApolloniaA city of Macedonia between Amphipolis and Thessalonica, from which it was distant about 36 miles.E·S·IApolloniusap-o-lo'-ni-us (Apollonios): A common name among the Syro-Macedonians.IApollophanesap-o-lof'-a-nez, a-pol-o-fa'-nez (Apollophanes): A Syrian killed by Judas Maccabeus (2 Macc 10:37).IApollosA Jew “born at Alexandria,” a man well versed in the Scriptures and eloquent (Acts 18:24; R.V., “learned”).E·S·IApollyonDestroyer, the name given to the king of the hosts represented by the locusts (Rev. 9:11).E·S·IApostasya-pos'-ta-si, a-pos'-tat (he apostasia, "a standing away from"): I.e. a falling away, a withdrawal, a defection.IApostatea-pos'-ta-si, a-pos'-tat (he apostasia, "a standing away from"): I.e. a falling away, a withdrawal, a defection.IApostleA person sent by another; a messenger; envoy.E·S·IApostles' CreedThe Oldest Creed: The Apostles' Creed is the oldest creed, and lies at the basis of most others.IApostles, Gospel of the TwelveSee APOCRYPHAL GOSPELS.IApostolic Age1. The Mission: (1) When the disciples realized that they had seen the risen Christ for the last time and that it had now become their duty to spread His…IApostolic FathersAn appellation usually given to the writers of the 1st century who employed their pens in the cause of Christianity.IApostolic Fathers, Epistles ofSee SUB-APOSTOLIC LITERATURE.IApostolical Church OrdinancesSee DIDACHE.IApostolical ConstitutionsSee DIDACHE.IApostolical Councilap-os-tol'-i-kal koun'-sil: The assembly of the apostles and elders held in Jerusalem (49 AD), an account of which is given in Ac 15.IApothecaryRendered in the margin and the Revised Version “perfumer,” in Ex. 30:25; 37:29; Eccl. 10:1.E·IAppaimor Ap’paim (the nostrils), son of Nadab, and descended from Jerahmeel, the founder of an important family of the tribe of Judah.S·IApparelIn Old Testament times the distinction between male and female attire was not very marked.E·IApparentlya-par'-ent-li (mar'eh, the Revised Version (British and American) "manifestly," signifying in the only place so translated (Nu 12:8) "in the form of seeing"…IApparitionap-a-rish'-un (indalma, epiphaneia; phantasma): This word is not found in the Old Testament or New Testament canon, the King James Version or the American…IAppealA reference of any case from an inferior to a superior court.E·S·IAppeara-per': Of eight Hebrew originals the chief is ra'ah, "to be seen."IAppearancea-per'-ans (mar'eh; chiefly used of the mystic and supernatural visions of Ezekiel and Daniel): A semblance, as of lightning, wheels, sapphire stone (Eze…IAppearinga-per'-ing (apokalupsis, "an unveiling"; epiphaneia, "a manifestation"): Exclusively technical, referring in the six passages where found to the return, the…IAppeasea-pez': "To make one at peace."IAppertainap-er-tan': Only once in English Versions of the Bible, namely, in Jer 10:7, for ya'ah "it becometh," "it is seemly," Vulgate "Tuum est enim decus," "it is…IAppetiteap'-e-tit (chai, nephesh): This word occurs four times in Old Testament text and once in the King James Version margin.IApphiaIncreasing, a female Christian at Colosse (Philemon 1:2), supposed by some to have been the wife of Philemon.E·S·IApphusaf'-us, ap'-fus: A name borne by Jonathan, the fifth son of Mattathias (Apphous, 1 Macc 2:5).IAppii ForumI.e., “the market of Appius” (Acts 28:15, R.V.), a town on the road, the “Appian Way,” from Rome to Brundusium.E·S·IAppius, Market ofRevised Version for Appii Forum.SApple(Heb. tappuah, meaning “fragrance”).E·IApple Tree, Apple(Heb. tappuach).SApple, of the Eyeap'-'-l: The eyeball, or globe of the eye, with pupil in center, called "apple" from its round shape.IApple-tree(Heb. tappuah, meaning “fragrance”).E·IApples of Sodomsod'-um: Josephus (BJ, IV, viii, 4) says that "the traces (or shadows) of the five cities (of the plain) are still to be seen, as well as the ashes growing in…IApplya-pli': Purely an Old Testament term representing five Hebrew originals which signify respectively, "to enter," "to incline," "to give," "to go about," "to…IAppointa-point': This word is used for the expression of a large variety of ideas and the translation of almost as many words. naqabh = "stipulate" (Ge 30:28).…IApprehendap-re-hend': Occurs in the New Testament in two meanings: "to arrest" (piazo; Ac 12:4; 2Co 11:32 the Revised Version (British and American), "take"); and "to…IApprovea-proov': This word, as ordinarily used, means "to entertain a favorable opinion concerning" (Ps 49:13; La 3:36).IApronFound in the Authorized Version in Gen. 3:7, of the bands of fig-leaves made by our first parents.E·IApt(Literally, "fitted"): Applied to one distinguished for readiness in meeting demands of some special situation, or emergency.IAqueductSee CISTERN.IAquilaEagle, a native of Pontus, by occupation a tent-maker, whom Paul met on his first visit to Corinth (Acts 18:2).E·S·IAr(a city), or Ar of Moab, one of the chief places of Moab.SAr, Ar of Moabar, mo'-ab (`ar, `ar-mo'abh; Er; Aroer or Seeir): The city of Ar is named in a snatch of ancient song (Nu 21:15), literally "the site of Ar."IAra(lion), one of the sons of Jether, the head of a family of Asherites.S·IArabAmbush, a city in the mountains of Judah (Josh. 15:52), now Er-Rabiyeh.E·S·IArabahPlain, in the Revised Version of 2 Kings 14:25; Josh. 3:16; 8:14; 2 Sam. 2:29; 4:7 (in all these passages the A.V. has “plain”); Amos 6:14 (A.V. “wilderness”).E·S·IArabattinear-a-ba-ti'-ne. See AKRABATTINE (Apocrypha).IArabiaArid, an extensive region in the south-west of Asia.E·S·IArabianSee ARABIA.IArabiansthe nomadic tribes inhabiting the country to the east and south of Palestine, who in the early times of Hebrew history were known as Ishmaelites and…SArabic Gospel of the InfancySee APOCRYPHAL GOSPELS.IArabic History of Joseph the CarpenterSee APOCRYPHAL GOSPELS.IArabic Languagear'-a-bik lan'-gwaj: For the student of the Bible the Arabic language is of interest, first, as one of the members of the Semitic group of languages, to which…IArabic Versionsar'-a-bik vur'-shuns: Arabic translations of the Bible must have been made at a very early date, for Christianity and Judaism had penetrated far into Arabia…IArabothSee ARUBBOTH.IArad(1.) Now Tell Arad, a Canaanite city, about 20 miles south of Hebron.E·S·IAradusar'-a-dus (Arados, 1 Macc 15:23): Greek name of the Old Testament ARVAD (which see), a city on the coast of Phoenicia.IArah(wayfaring).S·IAramThe son of Shem (Gen. 10:22); according to Gen. 22:21, a grandson of Nahor.E·S·IAram-dammeseka-ram-dam'-es-ek: Syria of Damascus, conquered by David (2Sa 8:5,6).IAram-maacahSee SYRIA.IAram-naharaimAram of the two rivers, is Mesopotamia (as it is rendered in Gen. 24:10), the country enclosed between the Tigris on the east and the Euphrates on the west…E·IAram-rehobSee SYRIA.IAram-zobah(Ps. 60, title), probably the region between the Euphrates and the Orontes.E·IAramaeansar-a-me'-ans: Often in the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) Syrians.IAramaicar-a-ma'-ik lan'-gwaj ('aramith; the King James Version Syrian, Syriac; SYRIAN in the Revised Version (British and American)): 1. Early Notices of Aramaic in…IAramaic Languagear-a-ma'-ik lan'-gwaj ('aramith; the King James Version Syrian, Syriac; SYRIAN in the Revised Version (British and American)): 1. Early Notices of Aramaic in…IAramaic VersionsSee TARGUM.IArameansar-a-me'-ans: Often in the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) Syrians.IAramitessa female inhabitant of Aram.S·IAramnahataim(highlands of two rivers).SAramzobahPsal 60:1, title. [ARAM, 1]SAranWild goat, a descendant of Seir the Horite (Gen. 36:28).E·S·IArarahSame as ARARAT (Tobit 1:21).IAraratSacred land or high land, the name of a country on one of the mountains of which the ark rested after the Flood subsided (Gen. 8:4).E·IArarathar'-a-rath: Same as ARARAT (which see).IArathesa-ra'-thez (the King James Version Araiarthes; Arathes; Ariarathes): King of Cappadocia, 163-130 BC.IAraunahAgile; also called Ornan 1 Chr. 21:15, a Jebusite who dwelt in Jerusalem before it was taken by the Israelites.E·S·IArbaFour, a giant, father of Anak.E·S·IArba, City ofSee KIRIATH-ARBA.IArbahHebron, or Kirjath-Arba, as "the city of Arbah" is always rendered elsewhere.SArbathiteA name given to Abi-albon, or, as elsewhere called, Abiel, one of David’s warriors (2 Sam. 23:31; 1 Chr. 11:32), probably as being an inhabitant of Arabah…E·S·IArbattaar-bat'-a, ar-bat'-is the King James Version Arbattis, (en Arbattois (plural)): Apparently a district in the neighborhood of Galilee, from which the Jews who…IArbelaar-be'-la (en Arbelois): This place is mentioned in 1 Macc 9:1 ff, and in Ant, XII, xi, 1, describing the march and encampment of Bacchides.IArbitea native of Arab. Paarai the Arbite was one of David’s guard.S·IArbonaiar-bo'-nai, ar-bo'na-i (Abrona): A torrent mentioned in Judith 2:24.IArchAn architectural term found only in Ezek. 40:16, 21, 22, 26, 29. There is no absolute proof that the Israelites employed arches in their buildings.E·IArch of TitusA triumphal arch erected at Rome, and still remaining there, to commemorate the conquest of Judea and the destruction of Jerusalem by the emperor Titus. It…SArchaeologyar-ke-ol'-o-ji, krit'-i-siz'-m: Archaeology, the science of antiquities, is in this article limited to the Biblical field, a field which has been variously…IArchaeology and Criticismar-ke-ol'-o-ji, krit'-i-siz'-m: Archaeology, the science of antiquities, is in this article limited to the Biblical field, a field which has been variously…IArchaeology of Asia MinorSee ASIA MINOR, ARCHAEOLOGY OF.IArchangel(1Thess. 4:16; Jude 1:9), the prince of the angels.E·IArchelausRuler of the people, son of Herod the Great, by Malthace, a Samaritan woman.E·S·IArcherA shooter with the bow (1 Chr. 10:3).EArchery[ARMS, ARMOR]S·IArcheviteOne of the nations planted by the Assyrians in Samaria (Ezra 4:9); the men of Erech.E·IArchevitesperhaps the inhabitants of Erech, some of whom had been placed as colonists in Samaria.SArchiA city on the boundary of Ephraim and Benjamin (Josh. 16:2), between Bethel and Beth-horon the nether.E·S·IArchippusMaster of the horse, a “fellow-soldier” of Paul’s (Philemon 1:2), whom he exhorts to renewed activity (Col. 4:17).E·S·IArchiteThe usual designation of Hushai (2 Sam. 15:32; 17:5, 14; 1 Chr. 27:33), who was a native of Archi.EArchite, the(as if from a place named Erech, on the frontiers of Ephraim), the usual designation of David’s friend Hushai.SArchitectureThe book of (Genesis 4:17,20,22) appears to divide mankind into two great characteristic sections, viz., the "dwellers in tents" and the "dwellers in cities."S·IArchitesar'-kits (ha-'arki; the King James Version Archi): A clan mentioned in connection with the marking of the southern boundary of Joseph (Jos 16:2).IArchivesar'-kivs (the more correct the Revised Version (British and American) rendition of beth ciphrayya', in Ezr 6:1, "house of the archives" instead of "house of…IArcturusBear-keeper, the name given by the ancients to the brightest star in the constellation Bootes.E·S·IArdDescent, a grandson of Benjamin (Num. 26:38-40).E·S·IArdatard'-at (the King James Version Ardath; Syriac and Ethiopic have Arphad): A certain field where Ezr communed with God (2 Esdras 9:26).IArditesthe descendants of Ard or Addar, the grandson of Benjamin.S·IArdonDescendant, the last of the three sons of Caleb by his first wife Azubah (1 Chr. 2:18).E·S·IAreli(heroic), a son of Gad.S·IArelitesa-re'-lits: In Nu 26:17.IAreopagiteA member of the court of Areopagus (Acts 17:34).E·S·IAreopagusThe Latin form of the Greek word rendered “Mars’ hill.”E·S·IAreopolisThe Greek name of AR (which see).IAresa'-res, ar'-es (Ares = Arah (Ezr 2:5; Ne 7:10)): 756 of the sons of Ares returned to Jerusalem with Zerubbabel (1 Esdras 5:10).IAretasThe father-in-law of Herod Antipas, and king of Arabia Petraea.E·S·IArgobStony heap, an “island,” as it has been called, of rock about 30 miles by 20, rising 20 or 30 feet above the table-land of Bashan; a region of crags and…E·S·IArguear'-gu: Only in the Revised Version (British and American) in Job 40:2. yakhach, which it translates, literally means "to be right," and in the causative form…IAriarathesSee ARATHES.IAridai(the strong), ninth son of Haman.S·IAridathasixth son of Haman.S·IAriehThe lion, the name of one of the body-guard slain with Pekahiah at Samaria (2 Kings 15:25) by the conspirator Pekah.E·S·IArielThe lion of God.E·S·IArighta-rit': "In a right way," "correctly," "going straight to the point," without error or deviation.IArimathaeaar-i-ma-the'-a (Arimathaia): "A city of the Jews," the home of Joseph in whose sepulchre the body of Jesus was laid.IArimatheaA “city of the Jews” (Luke 23:51), the birth-place of Joseph in whose sepulchre our Lord was laid (Matt. 27:57, 60; John 19:38).E·SAriochLion-like, venerable.E·S·IArisai(lion-like), eighth son of Haman.S·IAristarchusBest ruler, native of Thessalonica (Acts 20:4), a companion of Paul (Acts 19:29; 27:2).E·S·IAristobulusA Roman mentioned in Paul’s Epistle to the Romans (16:10), whose “household” is saluated.E·S·IArithmeticSee NUMBER.IAriusa-ri'-us, a'-ri-us (Ares): The reading of the Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 A.D.) adopted in the Revised Version (British and American) for the…IArkNoah’s ark, a building of gopher-wood, and covered with pitch, 300 cubits long, 50 cubits broad, and 30 cubits high (Gen. 6:14-16); an oblong floating house…E·IArk of Bulrushesark, bool'-rush-iz (tebhah; Egyptian tebt; Septuagint thibis, "a chest," "a vessel to float").IArk of MosesA small boat or basket made of the papyrus, a reed which grows in the marshes of Egypt.SArk of Noahark, no'-a: A structure built by Noah at the command of God to preserve from the Flood a remnant of the human race and of the animals associated with man.IArk of TestimonySee ARK OF THE COVENANT.IArk of the CovenantThe first piece of the tabernacle’s furniture, for which precise directions were delivered.S·IArk, Noahs[NOAH]SArkite(Gen. 10:17; 1 Chr. 1:15), a designation of certain descendants from the Phoenicians or Sidonians, the inhabitants of Arka, 12 miles north of Tripoli…E·IArkite, thefrom Arka , one of the families of the Canaanites, (Genesis 10:17; 1 Chronicles 1:16) and from the context evidently located in the north of Phoenicia.SArmUsed to denote power (Ps. 10:15; Ezek. 30:21; Jer. 48:25).E·IArmageddonOccurs only in Rev. 16:16 (R.V., “Har-Magedon”), as symbolically designating the place where the “battle of that great day of God Almighty” (ver. 14) shall be…E·S·IArmeniaHigh land, occurs only in Authorized Version, 2 Kings 19:37; in Revised Version, “Ararat,” which is the Hebrew word.E·S·IArmenianThis greatly resembled that of Persia, though Zoroastrianism and its dualistic system were not professed.IArmenian Versions, of the BibleI. ANCIENT ARMENIAN 1. Circumstances under Which Made 2. The Translators Apocrypha Omitted 3. Revision 4. Results of Circulation 5. Printed Editions II.…IArmholearm'-hol: The Hebrew word 'atstsil, is used in Jer 38:12 in the sense of armpits.IArmletan ornament universal in the East, especially among women; used by princes as one of the insignia of royalty, and by distinguished persons in general.S·IArmoniInhabitant of a fortress, the first-named of the two sons of Saul and Rizpah.E·S·IArmorI. ARMOR IN GENERAL--OLD TESTAMENT II. IN THE NEW TESTAMENT; POLYBIUS III. OFFENSIVE WEAPONS 1. Rod 2. Sling 3. Bow and Arrows 4. Spear--Javelin 5. Sword IV.…IArmor-bearerar'-mer-bar'-er (nose' keli; Greek uses a phrase, ho airon ta skeue, literally "the one carrying the armor"): One who carried the large shield and perhaps…IArmoryar'-mer-i: (1) ('otsar; thesauros): A storehouse (1Ki 7:51; Ne 10:38), but employed figuratively of the stored-up anger of Yahweh which breaks forth in…IArmourIs employed in the English Bible to denote military equipment, both offensive and defensive.EArmour-bearerAn officer selected by kings and generals because of his bravery, not only to bear their armour, but also to stand by them in the time of danger.EArmouryThe place in which armour was deposited when not used (Neh. 3:19; Jer. 50:25).EArmsI. ARMOR IN GENERAL--OLD TESTAMENT II. IN THE NEW TESTAMENT; POLYBIUS III. OFFENSIVE WEAPONS 1. Rod 2. Sling 3. Bow and Arrows 4. Spear--Javelin 5. Sword IV.…IArms, ArmorThe subject naturally divides itself into-- I. Offensive weapons: Arms.SArmyThe Israelites marched out of Egypt in military order (Ex. 13:18, “harnessed;” marg., “five in a rank”).E·S·IArmy, Romanar'-mi, ro'-man; The treatment of this subject will be confined to (I) a brief description of the organization of the army, and (II) a consideration of the…IArnaar'-na (Latin Arna): One of the ancestors of Ezra given in 2 Esdras 1:2, evidently identical with Zerahiah of Ezr 7:4 and Zaraias of 1 Esdras 8:2.IArnanIn the received Hebrew text "the sons of Arnan" are mentioned in the genealogy of Zerubbabel.S·IArni(Used in the Revised Version for Aram in (Luke 3:33) and is probably another name or form of the name of Aram. [ARAM, 4])S·IArnonSwift, the southern boundary of the territory of Israel beyond Jordan, separating it from the land of Moab (Deut. 3:8, 16).E·S·IArod(a wild ass), a son of Gad, (Numbers 26:17) called ARODI in (Genesis 46:16)S·IArodi[AROD]S·IArodites[AROD]S·IAroerRuins.E·S·IAroeriteHothan the Aroerite was the father of two of David’s captains.S·IAroma'-rom (Arom): The sons of Arom returned to Jerusalem with Zerubbabel (1 Esdras 5:16).IArpachshadSee ARPHAXAD.IArpad(Isa. 10:9; 36:19; 37:13), also Arphad, support, a Syrian city near Hamath, along with which it is invariably mentioned (2 Kings 19:13; 18:34; Isa. 10:9), and…E·S·IArphad(Isa. 10:9; 36:19; 37:13), also Arphad, support, a Syrian city near Hamath, along with which it is invariably mentioned (2 Kings 19:13; 18:34; Isa. 10:9), and…E·S·IArphaxadSon of Shem, born the year after the Deluge.E·S·IArraya-ra': (1) labhesh, `aTah; periballo, enduomai, himatismos.IArrest, and Trial of Jesusa-rest', see JESUS CHRIST, THE ARREST AND TRIAL OF.IArrivea-riv': Originally a nautical term (Latin: ad ripam) for reaching shore, is used in the literal sense in Lu 8:26, and, in the figurative sense for Greek…IArrogancyar'-o-gan-si: Excessive pride, leading to boastfulness and insolence (1Sa 2:3; Pr 8:13; Isa 13:11; Jer 48:29).IArrowar'-o. See ARCHERY; ARMOR.IArrowsAt first made of reeds, and then of wood tipped with iron.E·SArrows, Divination bySee AUGURY, IV, 1.IArrowsnakear'-o-snak: In Isa 34:15 the Hebrew word kippoz, which in the King James Version is rendered "great owl," is in the English Revised Version rendered…IArsacesar-sa'-sez ar'-sa-sez (Arsakes): The common name assumed by all the Parthian kings, is mentioned in 1 Macc 14:1- 3, and in 15:22 in connection with the…IArsarethSee ARZARETH.IArsiphurithar-si-fu'-rith (Arsiphourith; the King James Version Azephurith): 112 of the sons of Arsiphurith returned to Jerusalem with Zerubbabel (1 Esdras 5:16).IArtaxerxesThe Greek form of the name of several Persian kings. (1.) The king who obstructed the rebuilding of the temple (Ezra 4:7).E·S·IArtemas(gift of Artemis), a companion of St. Paul.S·IArtemisSee DIANA.IArtificerA person engaged in any kind of manual occupation (Gen. 4:22; Isa. 3:3).E·IArtillery1 Sam. 20:40, (Heb. keli, meaning “apparatus;” here meaning collectively any missile weapons, as arrows and lances.E·IArtisanSee CRAFTS.IArtsSee CRAFTS.IArubbotha-rub'-oth, ar'-u-both (ha-'arubboth; the King James Version Aruboth): One of the 12 districts from which victuals for Solomon's household were obtained (1Ki…IAruboth(windows), the third of Solomons commissariat districts.SArumah(height), a place apparently in the neighborhood of Shechem, at which Abimelech resided.S·IArvadWandering, (Ezek. 27:8), a small island and city on the coast of Syria, mentioned as furnishing mariners and soldiers for Tyre.E·S·IArvadite[ARVAD]SArvaditesWandering, (Ezek. 27:8), a small island and city on the coast of Syria, mentioned as furnishing mariners and soldiers for Tyre.E·S·IAryanThis greatly resembled that of Persia, though Zoroastrianism and its dualistic system were not professed.IArzaprefect of the palace at Tirzah to Elah king of Israel, who was assassinated at a banquet in his house by Zimri.S·IArzarethar'-za-reth, ar'-sareth (the King James Version, Arsareth): This is the land to which the ten tribes were deported (2 Esdras 13:45).IAsaz: Conj. and adverb (usually Greek hos hosper, kathos), designating: (1) Likeness: (a) between nouns (Ge 3:5; Jud 6:5; Php 2:8; Heb 11:27,29); (b) between…IAsaPhysician, son of Abijah and grandson of Rehoboam, was the third king of Judah.E·S·IAsadiasas-a-di'-as (Asadias): An ancestor of Baruch (Baruch 1:1).IAsaelSee ASIEL (Apocrypha).IAsahelMade by God, the youngest son of Zeruiah, David’s sister.E·S·IAsahiah(the Lord hath made), a servant of King Josiah, sent by him to seek information of Jehovah respecting the book of the law which Hilkiah found in the temple…S·IAsaiah(the Lord hath made).S·IAsanaas'-a-na (Asana, Assana) = Asnah (Ezr 2:50); omitted in Nehemiah. The sons of Asana (temple-servants) returned with Zerubbabel to Jerusalem (1 Esdras 5:31).IAsaphConvener, or collector.E·S·IAsaph, Sons of(A school of poetry and musical composers founded by Asaph.)SAsaraas'-a-ra (Asara; the King James Version Azara): The sons of Asara (temple-servants) returned to Jerusalem with Zerubbabel (1 Esdras 5:31).IAsaramela-sar'-a-mel (Asaramel or Saramel): A name of uncertain origin occurring in 1 Macc 14:28, in the inscription set up in memory of Simon and the Maccabean family.IAsareel(whom God hath bound (by an oath)), a son of Jehaleleel, in the genealogies of Judah.S·IAsarelas'-ar-el ('asar'el, "God is ruler"; the King James Version Asareel): A descendant of Judah and a son of Jehallelel (1Ch 4:16).IAsarelah(upright toward God), one of the sons of Asaph, a musician, (1 Chronicles 25:2) called JESHARELAH in ver. 14S·IAsbacaphathSee ASBASARETH.IAsbasarethas-bas'-a-reth (Septuagint: Asbakaphath, or Asbasareth): The Greek rendering of the Assyrian Asshur-ach-iddina ("Esarhaddon") (1 Esdras 5:69; compare also Ezr…IAscalon[ASHKELON, ASKELON]S·IAscenda-send': By derivation the English word implies motion from a lower place to (not merely toward) a higher one; and usage tends to restrict it to cases where…IAscensionSee CHRIST.E·IAscension of IsaiahSee APOCALYPTIC LITERATURE.IAscenta-sent': (1) The rendering in the King James Version twice, the Revised Version (British and American) 14 times correctly, of Hebrew ma`aleh, "ascent,"…IAschenazSee ASHKENAZ.IAseasa-se'-as (Asaias = Isshijah (Ezr 10:31)) A son of Annas, who put away his "strange wife" (1 Esdras 9:32).IAsebebiasa-seb-e-bi'-as, a-seb-e-bi'-a (Asebebias; the King James Version Asebebia): Asebebias his sons and brethren returned with Ezra to perform the functions of…IAsebiasas-e-bi'-as, as-e-bi'-a (Asebias; the King James Version Asebia): Asebias returned with Ezra to perform the function of a priest in Jerusalem (1 Esdras 8:48).IAsenathAn Egyptian name, meaning “gift of the sun-god”, daughter of Potipherah, priest of On or Heliopolis, wife of Joseph (Gen. 41:45).E·S·IAser(Luke 2:36; Revelation 7:6) [ASHER, ASHER]S·IAsereras'-e-rer See SERAR.IAsh(Heb. o’ren, “tremulous”), mentioned only Isa. 44:14 (R.V., “fir tree”).E·S·IAshameda-shamd': Almost exclusively moral in significance; confusion or abashment through consciousness of guilt or of its exposure.IAshan(smoke), a city in the low country of Judah.S·IAsharelahash-a-re'-la ('asar'elah): One of the Asaphites appointed by David to the temple service (1Ch 25:2); in 1Ch 25:14 he is called Jesharelah.IAshbea(I adjure), a proper name, but whether of a person or place is uncertain.S·IAshbel(reproof of God), second son of Benjamin and ancestor of the Ashbelites.S·IAshbelite(reproof of God), second son of Benjamin and ancestor of the Ashbelites.S·IAshchenaz(1 Chronicles 1:6; Jeremiah 51:27) [ASHKENAZ]SAshdodStronghold, a Philistine city (Josh. 15:47), about midway between Gaza and Joppa, and 3 miles from the Mediterranean.E·S·IAshdoditesthe inhabitants of Ashdod, (Nehemiah 4:7) called Ashdothites in (Joshua 13:3)S·IAshdoth-pisgah(Deut. 3:17; Josh. 12:3; 13:20) in Authorized Version, but in Revised Version translated “slopes of Pisgah.”E·IAshdothpisgah(3:17; Joshua 12:3; 13:20) and in Deuteronomy 4:49 Authorized Version, translated springs of Pisgah , i.e. a valley or fountain near Mount Pisgah.SAsherHappy, Jacob’s eigth son; his mother was Zilpah, Leah’s handmaid (Gen. 30:13).E·S·IAsherahAnd pl.E·S·IAsheritesdescendants of Asher, and members of his tribe.S·IAshesThe ashes of a red heifer burned entire (Num. 19:5) when sprinkled on the unclean made them ceremonially clean (Heb. 9:13).E·S·IAshhurash'-ur (ashchur, the King James Version Ashur): The "father of Tekoa" (1Ch 2:24; 4:5), probably the founder of the village.IAshimaa god of the Hamathite colonists in Samaria.S·IAshkelon=Askelon=Ascalon, was one of the five cities of the Philistines (Josh. 13:3; 1 Sam. 6:17).E·IAshkelon, AskelonApocrypha As’calon (migration), one of the five cities of the Philistines, (Joshua 113:3; 1 Samuel 6:17) a seaport on the Mediterranean, 10 miles north of Gaza.SAshkelonitesash'-ke-lon-its (Jos 13:3): The people of Ashkelon, who were Philistines.IAshkenazOne of the three sons of Gomer (Gen. 10:3), and founder of one of the tribes of the Japhetic race.E·S·IAshnahthe name of two cities, both in the lowlands of Judah: (1) named between Zoreah and Zanoah, and therefore probably northwest of Jerusalem, (Joshua 15:33) and…S·IAshpenazThe master of the eunuchs of Nebuchadnezzar (Dan. 1:3), the “Rabsaris” of the court.E·S·IAshrielproperly As’riel (vow of God).S·IAshtarothA city of Bashan, in the kingdom of Og (Deut. 1:4; Josh. 12:4; 13:12; 9:10).E·S·IAshterathitea native or inhabitant of Ashtaroth, (1 Chronicles 11:44) beyond Jordan.S·IAshteroth KarnaimAshteroth of the two horns, the abode of the Rephaim (Gen. 14:5).E·S·IAshtorethThe moon goddess of the Phoenicians, representing the passive principle in nature, their principal female deity; frequently associated with the name of Baal…E·S·IAshur(black), the posthumous son of Hezron by his wife Abiah.S·IAshurbanipala-shoor-ba'-ne-pal (Ashur-bani-apal, "Ashur creates a son"): Before setting out on his last campaign to Egypt, Esarhaddon king of Assyria doubtless having had…IAshurim(steps), a tribe descended from Dedan, the grandson of Abraham.SAshuritesMentioned among those over whom Ish-bosheth was made king (2 Sam. 2:9).E·IAshurites, theOnly in (2 Samuel 2:9) By some of the old interpreters the name is taken as meaning the Geshurites; but if we follow the Targum of Jonathan, "the Asherites"…SAshvathOne of the sons of Japhlet, of the tribe of Asher.S·IAsiaIs used to denote Proconsular Asia, a Roman province which embraced the western parts of Asia Minor, and of which Ephesus was the capital, in Acts 2:9; 6:9…E·S·IAsia Minora'-shi-a mi'ner: Introductory I. THE COUNTRY 1. Position and Boundaries 2. General Description 3. Mountains 4. Rivers, Lakes and Plains 5. Roads 6. Climate…IAsia Minor, Archaeology ofa'-shi-a mi'-ner, ar'-ke-ol'-o-ji ov: At the present stage of our information it is difficult to write with acceptance on the archaeology of Asia Minor.IAsiarcha'-shi-ark (Asiarches; the English Revised Version "the chief officers of Asia," the King James Version "the chief of Asia"): The title given to certain men…IAsiarchae(chief of Asia) (Authorized Version; (Acts 19:31)), officers chosen annually by the cities of that part of the province of Asia of which Ephesus was, under…SAsibiasas-i-bi'-as (Asibias and Asebias): Asibias put away his "strange wife" (1 Esdras 9:26).IAsidea-sid': "Distinct from others," "privately," such is the sense of the word in 2Ki 4:4; Mr 7:33.IAsiel(created by God).S·IAsiphaas'-i-fa (Codex Alexandrinus, Aseipha; Codex Vaticanus, Taseipha) = Hasupha (Ezr 2:43; Ne 7:46).IAskask (sha'al "to inquire," "to seek for counsel," "to demand"): It is the word commonly used in the Old Testament and is equivalent to eperotao, "to request,"…IAskelonas'-ke-lon: the King James Version form in Jud 1:18; 1Sa 6:17; 2Sa 1:20, for ASHKELON (which see).IAsleepa-slep' (yashen, "sleeping," radham, "deep sleep"; katheudo, "to fall asleep," aphupnoo, "to fall asleep"): A state of repose in sleep, Nature's release from…IAsmodaeusaz-mo-de'-us ('ashmedhai; Asmodaios): An evil spirit first mentioned in Tobit 3:8.IAsmoneansas-mo-ne'-ans: A remarkable priestly family of Modin, in Judea, also called Hasmoneans or Maccabees.IAsnah(thorn-bush).S·IAsnapperProbably the same as Assur-bani-pal (Sardanapalos of the Greeks), styled the “great and noble” (Ezra 4:10), was the son and successor (B.C. 668) of Esar-haddon.E·S·IAsochis, Plain ofSee CANA, OF GALILEE.IAsoma'-som (H, Asom) = Hashum (Ezr 10:33): The sons of Asom put away their "strange wives" (1 Esdras 9:33).IAsp(Heb. pethen), Deut. 32:33; Job 20:14, 16; Isa. 11:8.E·S·IAspalathusthe name of some sweet perfume mentioned in Ecclus. 24:15.S·IAspathathird son of Haman.S·IAsphaltSee SLIME.IAspharthe pool in the "wilderness of Thecoe." 1 Macc. 9:33.SAsphar, the Poolas'-far, (lakkos Asphar): When Jonathan and Simon fled from Bacchides they encamped by this pool in the wilderness of Tekoa (1 Macc 9:33; Ant, XIII, i, 2).IAspharasusas-far'-a-sus (Aspharasos = Mispar (Ezr 2:2; Mispereth, Ne 7:7)): A leader of the captives, who returned with Zerubbabel to Jerusalem (1 Esdras 5:8).IAsrielthe son of Gilead and great-grandson of Manasseh.S·IAssFrequently mentioned throughout Scripture.E·S·IAssalimothSee SALIMOTH (Apocrypha).IAssamiasa-sa-mi'-as (Codex Vaticanus, Assamias; Codex Alexandrinus, Asamias; the King James Version Assanias; compare Hashabiah (Ezr 8:24)): Assamias (chief priest)…IAssaphiotha-sa'-fi-oth (Codex Alexandrinus, Asaphphioth; Codex Vaticanus, Assapheioth; the King James Version Azaphion): The head of a family, which returned with…IAssarionSee FARTHING.IAssassination1. Meaning of the Term: The language of Scripture distinguishes less clearly than the modern juridical between assassination and murder.IAssassinsa-sas'-inz (sicarioi; the King James Version murderers): Josephus (BJ, II, xiii, 3, xvii) relates that "there sprang up in Jerusalem a class of robbers called…IAssaulta-solt' (tsur; horme): The Hebrew verbal form is used of pressing forward a siege (see SIEGE), but also of a hostile attack upon a person then translated…IAssaya-sa' (ya'al; nacah; peirdzein; peirasthai; peiran lambanein): The Hebrew and Greek words which are rendered in the King James Version "assay" are so rendered…IAssemblies, Masters ofa-sem'-bliz, (ba`ale 'acuppoth, Ec 12:11): the American Revised Version, margin "collectors of sentences," thus Qimchi, Grotius and others.IAssemblya-sem'-bli (qahal; ekklesia): The common term for a meeting of the people called together by a crier.IAssembly, SolemnSee CONGREGATION; FEASTS.IAssenta-sent': Twice used in the King James Version as equivalent to "voice," and to "consent," and displaced in both instances in the Revised Version (British and…IAssessora-ses'-er: Lit. one who sits by another, an assistant; among the ancients especially an assistant to the king (compare "The assessor of his throne," Dryden…IAsseurusThere are three kings designated by this name in Scripture.E·S·IAsshurSecond son of Shem (Gen. 10:22; 1 Chr. 1:17).E·S·IAsshurima-shoo'-rim ('ashshurim): Mentioned among the sons of Dedan, son of Jokshah, son of Abraham by Keturah (Ge 25:3).IAssidaeansSee HASIDAEANS (Apocrypha).IAssiduousa-sid'-u-us: Occurs only in The Wisdom of Solomon 8:18 the Revised Version (British and American), "In assiduous communing with her is understanding," i.e.…IAssigna-sin (nathan, "to give," or "grant," i.e. apportion): Used (Jos 20:8) of Moses setting apart Bezer as one of the three cities of refuge on the East of the…IAssir(captive).S·IAssociatea-so'-shi-at: Only in Isa 8:9 the King James Version, where the Hebrew ro`u, is variously interpreted, according to differences of opinion as to the verb…IAssosA sea-port town of Proconsular Asia, in the district of Mysia, on the north shore of the Gulf of Adramyttium.E·S·IAssuagea-swaj' (the King James Version Asswage) :Lit,.IAssumption of MosesSee APOCALYPTIC LITERATURE.IAssur(Ezra 4:2; Psalms 83:8) [ASSHUR, ASSYRIA, ASSHUR; ASSYRIA]S·IAssuranceThe resurrection of Jesus (Acts 17:31) is the “assurance” (Gr. pistis, generally rendered “faith”) or pledge God has given that his revelation is true and…E·IAssurbanipalSee ASHURBANIPAL.IAssusA sea-port town of Proconsular Asia, in the district of Mysia, on the north shore of the Gulf of Adramyttium.E·S·IAssyriaThe name derived from the city Asshur on the Tigris, the original capital of the country, was originally a colony from Babylonia, and was ruled by viceroys…E·IAssyria and Babylonia, Religion ofSee BABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA, RELIGION OF.IAssyria, Asshurwas a great and powerful country lying on the Tigris, (Genesis 2:14) the capital of which was Nineveh.SAssyrian and Babylonian LibrariesSee NINEVEH, LIBRARY OF.IAssyriansa-sir'-i-ans ('ashshur): The inhabitants of Assyria.IAstadas'-tad: The reading of the English versions of 1 Esdras 5:13 for the name which appears as Azgad in Ezr 2:12 and Ne 7:17.IAstaroth(1:4) [ASHTAROTH]S·IAstarte[ASHTORETH]SAstathas'-tath (Astath):The form given in 1 Esdras 8:38 to the name which in Ezr 8:12 appears as Azgad.IAstoniedas-ton'-isht, as-ton'-id (shamem, "astonished," the root idea being "silent," i.e. struck dumb with amazement; ekplessomai, "to be struck with astonishment,"…IAstonishedas-ton'-isht, as-ton'-id (shamem, "astonished," the root idea being "silent," i.e. struck dumb with amazement; ekplessomai, "to be struck with astonishment,"…IAstonishmentas-ton'-ish-ment: Amazement; mental surprise, excitement, wonder; often the cause of the startled emotion, as in De 28:37: "Thou shall become an astonishment."IAstraya-stra' (ta`ah, "to wander," "to err"; planaomai, "to go astray," each carrying the idea of being lost): With one exception (Ex 23:4 "his ass going astray")…IAstrologer(Dan. 1:20; 2:2, 10, 27, etc.) Heb. ‘ashshaph’, an enchanter, one who professes to divine future events by the appearance of the stars.EAstrologyas-trol'-o-ji: I. THE DESIRE TO FORECAST THE FUTURE 1. Methods of Soothsaying 2. Divination 3. Looking in the Liver 4. The Astrologers, or Dividers of the…IAstronomyThe Hebrews were devout students of the wonders of the starry firmanent (Amos 5:8; Ps. 19).E·IAstyagesas-ti'-a-jes (Astuages; or Astyigas (in Ktesias)), or Istuvigu, son of Cyaxares.IAsundera-sun'-der: This word occurs 22 times in the King James Version, 13 in Old Testament and 9 in the New Testament.IAsuppim(1 Chr. 26:15, 17, Authorized Version; but in Revised Version, “storehouse”), properly the house of stores for the priests.E·IAsuppim, and House of(1 Chronicles 26:15,17) literally house of the gatherings.SAsuras'-ur (Asour): the Revised Version (British and American) for Assur in 1 Esdras 5:31.IAsyluma-si'-lum: The custom of fleeing to specially sacred places to obtain the protection of a deity is found all over the world (Post, Grundriss, II, 252 ff).IAsyncritus(incomparable), a Christian at Rome, saluted by St. Paul.S·IAt Oneeis eirenen, "at one," ("at peace"): "Set them at one again" (Ac 7:26), the reconciliation of persons at variance.IAtadBuckthorn, a place where Joseph and his brethren, when on their way from Egypt to Hebron with the remains of their father Jacob, made for seven days a “great…E·S·IAtarat'-ar (Atar; the King James Version Jatal = Ater (Ezr 2:42; Ne 7:45)): The sons of Atar (porters) returned with Zerubbabel to Jerusalem (1 Esdras 5:28).IAtarah(a crown) a wife of Jerahmeel, and mother of Onam.S·IAtargatisa-tar'-ga-tis (Atargatis; the Revised Version (British and American) wrongly ATERGATIS): Is stated in 2 Macc 12:26 to have been worshipped at Karnion, the…IAtarothCrowns.E·S·IAtaroth-addarat'-a-roth-ad'-ar (`aTroth 'addar, "crowns of Addar").IAterShut; lame.E·S·IAterezaiasa-ter-e-zi'-as (Ater to Hezekia): Usually found in the abbreviated form Ater.IAtergatisSee ATARGATIS.IAtetaa-te'-ta (the King James Version Teta; Codex Alexandrinus Ateta, Codex Vaticanus, om.): Head of a family of Levites; gate keepers who returned from the…IAthach(lodging place).S·IAthaiah(whom Jehovah made), a descendant of Pharez, the son of Judah, who dwelt at Jerusalem after the return from Babylon, (Nehemiah 11:4) called UTHAI in (1…S·IAthaliahWhom God afflicts.E·S·IAthanasianSee CREED.IAthariasSee ATTHARIAS.IAtharimath'-a-rim (`atharim): the Revised Version (British and American) "The way of Atharim"; the King James Version "The way of the spies." the Revised Version…IAtheisma'-the-iz'-m (atheos, "without God" (Eph 2:12)): Ordinarily this word is interpreted to mean a denial of the existence of God, a disbelief in God, the…IAtheniansnatives of Athens (Acts 17:21)S·IAthenobiusath-e-no'-bi-us [Athenobios]: A "friend" of Antiochus VII (Sidetes), who was sent to Jerusalem by the king to protest against the occupation of Joppa and…IAthensThe capital of Attica, the most celebrated city of the ancient world, the seat of Greek literature and art during the golden period of Grecian history.E·S·IAthlai(whom Jehovah afflicts), one of the sons of Bebai, who put away his foreign wife at the exhortation of Ezra. (Ezra 10:28)S·IAtiphaSee HATIPHA.IAtonementThis word does not occur in the Authorized Version of the New Testament except in Rom. 5:11, where in the Revised Version the word “reconciliation” is used.E·IAtonement, Day ofThe great annual day of humiliation and expiation for the sins of the nation, “the fast” (Acts 27:9), and the only one commanded in the law of Moses.E·IAtonement, the Day ofI. The great day of national humiliation, and the only one commanded in the Mosaic law. [FASTS] The mode of its observance is described in Levi 16, and the…SAtroth(crowns), a city of Gad.SAtroth-beth-joabat-roth-beth-jo'-ab `aTroth beth yo'abh ("crowns of the house of Joab"): the King James Version "Ataroth," the house of Joab.IAtroth-shophanat'-roth-sho'fan `Troth shophan; Septuagint gen sophan: A town built or fortified by the children of Gad East of the Jordan (Nu 32:35), named next to Aroer.IAttai(opportune).S·IAttaina-tan': The rendering of qanah = "buy," "get" (Pr 1:5); nasagh= "reach," "a meal-offering .... according as he is able" (Eze 46:7 margin), "not attained unto…IAttalia(from Attalus), a coast-town of Pamphylia, mentioned (Acts 14:25) It was built by Attalus Philadelphus, king of Pergamos, and named after the monarch.S·IAttalusat'-a-lus: King of Pergamum, mentioned in 1 Macc 15:22 among the kings to whom was sent an edict (Ant., XIV, viii, 5) from Rome forbidding the persecution of…IAttenda-tend'; a-tend'-ans: (1) "To incline," "listen," "regard" qashabh; (Ps 17:1 etc.); then, in the King James Version, "observe," but in the Revised Version…IAttendancea-tend'; a-tend'-ans: (1) "To incline," "listen," "regard" qashabh; (Ps 17:1 etc.); then, in the King James Version, "observe," but in the Revised Version…IAttenta-tent' (archaic; 2Ch 6:40); a-tent'-iv: Expresses the direction of thought and interest toward some one point.IAttentivea-tent' (archaic; 2Ch 6:40); a-tent'-iv: Expresses the direction of thought and interest toward some one point.IAttharatesa-thar'-a-tez: A title assigned to Nehemiah, probably by a later editor (Ne 8:9).IAtthariasa-tha-ri'as: 1 Esdras 5:40 = Ezr 2:63.IAttirea-tir': "Can a virgin forget her ornaments, or a bride her attire?" asks the prophet Jeremiah in hot remonstrance against Israel's unfaithfulness.IAttitudesat'-i-tuds: Customs change slowly in Bible lands.IAttusat'-us (1 Esdras 8:29 = Ezr 8:2).IAudienceo'-di-ens: Translated from the Hebrew 'ozen, "ear."IAugiao'-ji-a Augia: The wife of Jaddus, whose sons were removed from priesthood because their names were not found in the register, their ancestors having "usurped…IAugur's Oako'-gurs' ok: If we translated the Hebrew verb `onen, "to practice augury" (see AUGURY) we should in Jud 9:37 for "the oak of Meonemm" render "the augurs' oak"…IAuguryo'-gu-ri o'-gur-i: This word occurs in the Revised Version (British and American) in Le 19:26; De 18:10,14; 2Ki 21:6, and the parallel in 2Ch 33:6.IAugustano-gus'-tan o-gus'-tus-izs See ARMY, ROMAN.IAugustan Bando-gus'-tan o-gus'-tus-izs See ARMY, ROMAN.IAugustusThe cognomen of the first Roman emperor, C. Julius Caesar Octavianus, during whose reign Christ was born (Luke 2:1).E·S·IAugustus band(Acts 27:1.: literally, of Sebaste, the Greek form of Augusta, the name given to Caesarea in honour of Augustus Caesar).E·SAulol: See AWL.IAuntant dodhah, ("loving"): A father's sister (Ex 6:20); an uncle's wife (Le 18:14; 20:20).IAustereos-ter' austeros, "harsh," ("rough"): Twice used by Christ in the parable of the Pounds (Lu 19:21,22), and of special significance as illustrating the false…IAuthoro'-ther: This word is used to translate two Greek words: (1) aitios, literally, "cause," hence, "author."IAuthorityo-thor'-i-ti. See AUTHORITY IN RELIGION, sec.IAuthority in Generalo-thor'-i-ti. See AUTHORITY IN RELIGION, sec.IAuthority in Religiono-thor'-i-ti rabhah; toqeph; exousia; exousiazo; katexousiazo; epitage; huperoche; authenteo; dunastes I. GENERAL IDEA 1. Of Two Kinds (1) External (2)…IAuthorized Versiono'-thor-iz'd. See ENGLISH VERSIONS.IAutranitiso-ran-i'-tis: Used by Josephus for HAURAN (which see).IAvaA place in Assyria from which colonies were brought to Samaria (2 Kings 17:24).E·S·IAvaila-val' shawah, ("to be equal," hence "to be enough," "to avail"): Used in the sense of "satisfy" (Es 5:13).IAvaranav'-a-ran: A surname of Eleazar, the third son of Mattathias (1 Macc 2:5).IAvenNothingness; vanity.E·S·IAvengea-venj' a-venj'-er: Avenge.--The general idea connected with this word is that of inflicting punishment upon the wrongdoer.IAvengera-venj' a-venj'-er: Avenge.--The general idea connected with this word is that of inflicting punishment upon the wrongdoer.IAvenger of blood(Heb. goel, from verb gaal, “to be near of kin,” “to redeem”), the nearest relative of a murdered person.EAversea-vurs' shabh, "to turn back," ("retreat"): Quiet, peaceful wanderers (Mic 2:8).IAvimA people dwelling in Hazerim, or “the villages” or “encampments” on the south-west corner of the sea-coast (Deut. 2:23).E·S·IAvimsav'-imz (De 2:23).IAvitesSee AVVIM.IAvith(ruins), the city of Hadad ben-Bedad, one of the kings of Edom before there were kings in Israel.S·IAvoida-void: Archaic use in 1Sa 18:11 for "escaped."IAvoucha-vouch': In English Versions of the Bible only in De 26:17,18, in the sense of "to confess," "avow," "publicly and solemnly declare."IAvvimav'-im a'-vits `awwim; Heuaioi, also unaspirated; (also used to represent the name of the Hivites): The early inhabitants of the southern extremity of Canaan…IAwaav'-a `awwa'; the King James Version Ava, a'-va: A province, the people of which Shalmaneser king of Assyria placed in the cities of Samaria in the room of…IAwaita-wat': Only in Ac 9:24 the King James Version, in its now obsolete sense as a noun, "ambush": "their laying await was known of Saul." the Revised Version…IAwakea-wak' yaqats, ("to waken"; `ur, "to rouse up" from sleep; egeiro, "to arouse from sleep"): The ordinary terms for awaking from natural slumber: as of Jacob…IAway with(1) "To endure," "to bear with" (Isa 1:13), "I cannot away with iniquity and the solemn meeting," i e. endure the combination of wickedness and worship.IAweo: Fear mingled with reverence and wonder, a state of mind inspired by something terrible or sublime.IAwlAn instrument only referred to in connection with the custom of boring the ear of a slave (Ex. 21:6; Deut. 15:17), in token of his volunteering perpetual…E·S·IAx (Axe)aks; aks'hed: Nine different Hebrew words have been rendered "ax": (1) garzen.IAx-headaks; aks'hed: Nine different Hebrew words have been rendered "ax": (1) garzen.IAxeUsed in the Authorized Version of Deut. 19:5; 20:19; 1 Kings 6:7, as the translation of a Hebrew word which means “chopping.”EAxle-treeSee SEA, THE MOLTEN.IAyina'-yen: `ayin, "eye" or "fountain": The 16th letter of the Hebrew alphabet, so named, probably, because the original form resembled the eye. `Ayin (`) is…IAzaelaz'-a-el Azaelos; compare Asahel [Ezr 10:15]: Father of Jonathan, one of two chief investigators of foreign marriages (1 Esdras 9:14).IAzaelusaz-a-e'-lus (B, Azaelos; A, Azael; omitted in Ezr 10): Azaelus, son of Ezora, put away his "strange wife" (1 Esdras 9:34).IAzal(Zech. 14:5) should perhaps be rendered “very near” = “the way of escape shall be made easy.”E·S·IAzaliah(whom the Lord reserved), the father of Shaphan the scribe in the reign of Josiah.S·IAzaniah(whom the Lord hears), the father or immediate ancestor of Jeshua the Levite, in the time of Nehemiah. (Nehemiah 10:9)S·IAzaphionSee ASSAPHIOTH.IAzaraSee ASARA.IAzaraela Levite musician.S·IAzaraiasaz-a-ra'-yas (B, Azaraias; A, Saraias; the King James Version Saraias); compare Seraiah (Ezr 7:1): An ancestor of Ezra (1 Esdras 8:1).IAzareel(whom the Lord helps).S·IAzarelaz'-a-rel `azarel, ("God is helper"; the King James Version reads Azareel in numbers 1-5, Azarael in numbers 6): (1) A Korahite who entered the army of David…IAzariahWhom Jehovah helps.E·S·IAzariasaz-a-ri'as Azarias and Azareias: (1) Azarias, who put away his "strange wife" (1 Esdras 9:21); compare Uzziah (Ezr 10:21).IAzaruaz'a-ru B, Azarou; A, Azourou; (the King James Version Azuran): The descendants of Azaru returned with Zerubbabel to Jerusalem (1 Esdras 5:15); omitted in Ezr…IAzaz(strong), a Reubenite, father of Bela.S·IAzazel(Lev. 16:8, 10, 26, Revised Version only here; rendered “scape-goat” in the Authorized Version).E·IAzaziahWhom Jehovah strengthened.E·S·IAzbasarethaz-bas'-a-reth: The name of an Assyrian king. The King James Version form "Azbasareth" comes from the Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 A. D.) See…IAzbuk(strong devastation), father or ancestor of Nehemiah, the prince of part of Bethzur.S·IAzekahDug over, a town in the Shephelah or low hills of Judah (Josh. 15:35), where the five confederated Amoritish kings were defeated by Joshua and their army…E·S·IAzelNoble, a descendant of king Saul (1 Chr. 8:37; 9:43, 44).E·S·IAzem(bone), a city in the extreme south of Judah, (Joshua 15:29) afterwards allotted to Simeon.S·IAzephurithSee ARSIPHURITH.IAzetasa-ze'-tas (Azetas): The head of a family accompanying Zerubbabel out of captivity (1 Esdras 5:15).IAzgad(strength of fortune).S·IAzieia-zi'-e-i: An ancestor of Ezra (2 Esdras 1:2).IAziel(whom God comforts), a Levite.S·IAziza(strong) a layman of the family of Zattu, who had married a foreign wife after the return from Babylon.S·IAzmavethStrong as death.E·S·IAzmon(strong), a place named as being on the southern boundary of the Holy Land, apparently near the torrent of Egypt (Wadi el-Arish).S·IAznoth-taboraz'noth-ta'-bor ('aznoth tabhor, "peaks of Tabor"): A place in western Naphtali, evidently in the vicinity of Mt. Tabor (Jos 19:34).IAznothtabor(the ears (i.e. possibly the summits) of Tabor), one of the landmarks of the boundary of Naphtali.SAzor(a helper), son of Eliakim, in the line of our Lord.S·IAzotusThe Grecized form (Acts 8:40, etc.) of Ashdod.E·S·IAzriel(whom God helps).S·IAzrikam(help against the enemy).S·IAzubahDeserted.E·S·IAzurproperly Az’zur (he that assists) 1. A Benjamite of Gibeon, and father of Hananiah the false prophet.S·IAzur and AzzurHelper.EAzuranSee AZARU.IAzzah(the strong).S·IAzzan(very strong), the father of Paltiel prince of the tribe of Issachar, who represented his tribe in the division of the promised land.S·IAzzur(one who helps), one of the heads of the People who signed the covenant with Nehemiah. (Nehemiah 10:17) (B.C. 410.)S·IDyed Attirea-tir': "Can a virgin forget her ornaments, or a bride her attire?" asks the prophet Jeremiah in hot remonstrance against Israel's unfaithfulness.IHouse of Asuppim(1 Chr. 26:15, 17, Authorized Version; but in Revised Version, “storehouse”), properly the house of stores for the priests.E·ILignaloes(Heb. ‘ahalim), a fragrant wood (Num. 24:6; Ps. 45:8; Prov. 7:17; Cant. 4:14), the Aquilaria agallochum of botanists, or, as some suppose, the costly gum or…E·IOld AgeUsed to denote the period of a man’s life (Gen. 47:28), the maturity of life (John 9:21), the latter end of life (Job 11:17), a generation of the human race…E·ITheThe Oldest Creed: The Apostles' Creed is the oldest creed, and lies at the basis of most others.I
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