The BibleGospel Companion

Pharaoh

פַּרְעֹה · par.oh · H6547L“that disperses; that spoils” Hitchcock's 18695 mentions in 2 books, most in Isaiah (4)

Who he was

This Pharaoh was the Egyptian ruler during the reign of King Hezekiah of Judah (2 Kings 18:21; Isaiah 36:6). When Judah was threatened by the Assyrian Empire, Hezekiah sought an alliance with Egypt, hoping to receive military support. However, the prophet Isaiah warned against relying on Egypt, comparing Pharaoh's support to a broken reed that would pierce the hand of anyone who leaned on it (Isaiah 36:6).

Isaiah also prophesied against Egypt, mocking the wisdom of Pharaoh's counselors and predicting that their advice would lead Egypt astray (Isaiah 19:11–14). He warned Judah not to seek refuge in Egypt or rely on Pharaoh's protection (Isaiah 30:2–3).

The specific identity of this Pharaoh is not provided in the Bible. However, based on the historical and archaeological evidence, some scholars suggest that he may have been Shabaka or Shebitku, rulers of the 25th Dynasty of Egypt (Nubian Pharaohs), who were contemporary with Hezekiah's reign and engaged in conflicts with the Assyrian Empire.

Article: STEPBible, Tyndale House Cambridge · CC BY 4.0

Every mention

5 references, counted from STEPBible, Tyndale House Cambridge · CC BY 4.0 · verse text: World English Bible (public domain)

2 Kings 1 mention

2 Kings 18:21Now, behold, you trust in the staff of this bruised reed, even in Egypt. If a man leans on it, it will go into his hand and pierce it. So is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who trust on him.

Isaiah 4 mentions

Isaiah 19:11The princes of Zoan are utterly foolish. The counsel of the wisest counselors of Pharaoh has become stupid. How do you say to Pharaoh, “I am the son of the wise, the son of ancient kings”?Isaiah 30:2who set out to go down into Egypt without asking for my advice, to strengthen themselves in the strength of Pharaoh, and to take refuge in the shadow of Egypt!Isaiah 30:3Therefore the strength of Pharaoh will be your shame, and the refuge in the shadow of Egypt your confusion.Isaiah 36:6Behold, you trust in the staff of this bruised reed, even in Egypt, which if a man leans on it, it will go into his hand and pierce it. So is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who trust in him.

What the dictionary says

The official title borne by the Egyptian kings down to the time when that country was conquered by the Greeks.

Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897)
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Sources